How Technology Has Affected the Capabilities

IntroductionRecognizing the identity of a person is a study problem encountered by most of the evaluator and security systems, especially when an individual provides false information. Until recently, the methods of providing the true identity of whitlows take a leak been few and pr single to errors (Davis, Weiss, 2009). With the death penalty of modern computerized technologies, communication capabilities of narrow databases ( such as the fingerprint identifiers) have been make effective and accurate. In this paper, the effect of technology on the communication capabilities of specialised databases in felonious arbitrator will be analyzed, by examine the facial mention and iris scan techniques of credit and discussing the overall affirmative and negative effects of these technologies on deplorable umpire system.How technology has touch the capabilities of change databases in the lamentable justice systemIn trying to make their bleed easier and much effective, the justice and security personnel have always looked into the forward technological methods to enhance communication capabilities deep down the justice system. The introduction of bipartite radio and increased role of automobile have helped in astir(p) the effectiveness of communication databases and responding to guilty incidents (Seaskate Inc. 1998). Modern technology has introduced many methods of specialised databases which have become exceedingly useful in crime investigation and response to incidences.The specialized databases utilize computerized techniques to identify criminals or suspects as considerably as to facilitate communication between the police, the general public and amongst separate security personnel. The most use specialized databases by the security and justice system to provide identification of individuals include the Mobile Data Terminals, put up Scans, signal flag Scans, Facial information and the AFIS (Scherpenzeel, 2008). These technologies make i ndividual identification easier, more accurate and more effective in terms of time and cost. both police officers and prosecutors have in many occasions applied them in identifying, judging, imprisoning or even in releasing criminals (Reichert, 2001)Comparison between Facial Recognition and Iris ScanIris scan refers to a technique of biometric identification victimisation exalted tech actualization patterns which utilize images of a persons iris. Iris cameras ar utilise to perform stainings of an individuals identity using mathematical analysis of random patterns visible in the iris. The technique uses a combination of pattern credit, computer vision, optics and statistical inferences (Find biostatistics, n. d).Facial recognition technique on the other hand is a computerized application which identifies an individual from a boob tube outline or digital image. It is used in criminal justice systems to identify tidy sum by comparing the selected facial appearance from a speci fied facial database. This technique uses unalterable physical facial structures (say the spot between centers of an individuals pupils of the eye or the diameter of a persons eye balls) and through algorithm, finite computerized set of steps ar used to solve the problem, by translating the image into numerical values (Davis, Weiss, 2009).Iris scan is an intragroup detection method while the facial recognition is an external detection technique. Un ilk the iris scan which uses an internal organ of the carcass, the facial recognition technique is done using certain parts of an individual stage such jaws, cheekbones, nose or the eyes these features are applied in searching for images matching with them. Facial recognition has been criticized because it uses external parts of the body which are likely to change over time through ache exposure to manual work, use of facial cosmetics or plastic surgical procedure (Titanium, 2010).These changes can completely transform and individ uals physical appearance, thus making it hard to be identified from a crowd. However, the method has one merit the iris scan and other biometric methods lack it doesnt turn to for any help from the individual being testedif the system is correctly designed and effectively installed in places such as multiplexes and airports, it can considerably pick out the required subject from a crowd.For other biometric techniques such as the iris scan, speech recognition and fingerprints, the subject must be involved in the detection process and mass identification cannot accept (Titanium, 2010). Nonetheless, Iris scan is more reliable since it is not dependent on light or sight, exactly depends on the pattern of the iris. The facial recognition technique can fail due to poor lighting, long hair, use of sunglasses and other small resolution images and objects that relatively cover the position (Titanium, 2010).The overall positive and negative effects of the immature techniques on the cr iminal justice systemBasically, the youthfulfound technologies in the criminal justice and communication have greatly improved the way in which criminal identification and vestige is conducted by the justice and security systems. To begin with, specialized databases are used either complimentary or alternatively to ensure that accurate egresss are made. This implies that in one instance, both the facial recognition and fingerprints can be applied for the same specimen or subject when there are doubts or ambiguity regarding identity.This ensures that minimal errors occur, thus reducing the chances of wrong identification (Scherpenzeel, 2008). Furthermore, the new technologies have reduced the costs that used to be incurred in tracking down criminals. Such costs included travel costs, nonrecreational witnesses, interviewing individuals, costs of detaining many suspects before identifying the guilty criminal. More so, problems that used to be encountered due to physical transforma tion of an individual as a result of surgeries, injuries and use of cosmetics have now been overcome through the use of specialized databases like the speech recognition and iris scan biometrics (Scherpenzeel, 2008)..However, the new technologies have had a number of negative effects on the criminal justice system. The most common negative effect is the fact that this new technologies require a lot of professionalism and skill, not only in criminology, but also in statistics, mathematics and computer technology. However, many people do not possess this combined qualifications and this leads to shortage of personnel in the criminal investigation department.As such, the process of identification becomes slower since it is entrusted with few specialists who are cannot be able to handle all the cases presented to them. In some other cases, semi-skilled people have been entrusted the work, resulting to wrong identification or non identification (Reichert 2001). Other problems normally re sult from system breakdowns or corruption of system files which affect the lustiness of the results. Corruption of operating systems is mostly done by people within the criminal justice system who wish to obstruct certain criminal identification processes for personal reasons (Scherpenzeel, 2008).Since some of this technologies are still relatively new (such as the iris scan and live scan), most of the criminal justice systems find it too expensive to adopt them due to the high initial installation costs and therefore, they are rarely used. Other specialized databases like the facial scanner pose problems in places of installation such as railways and airports due to security factors. This has made it difficult for the justice system to continually use this technique in identifying wanted individuals (Reichert 2001).Preferred specialized databasesAmong all the types of specialized databases and biometric scanners and devices used for detection of identification today, the iris scan ner has proved to be most effective and accurate. This is because, an individuals iris cannot be prevent by contact lenses and glasses it can be accurately scanned from ten centimeters to several meters away. In addition the iris remains constant for a long time unless injuries occurone enrolment scan lasts for a lifetime. Although certain surgical and medical operations may affect the pretext and shape of the iris, its fine texture maintains stability for decades. Furthermore, it can still be used on blind people because the technology is not dependent on sight but on pattern. (Find Biometrics, n. d).ConclusionThe use of specialized databases in criminal justice system is a great move towards up(p) the effectiveness and efficiency of criminal identification. It is important that these databases be implemented crossways the globe for detecting and tracking down criminals, since the negative effects of these technologies are so meager, and easily solvable as compared to the over all positive impact.ReferencesFind Biometrics (n. d). Iris scanners and recognition. Retrieved fromhttp//www.findbiometrics.com/iris-recognition/Davis, M., & Weiss, J (2009). Facial recognition technology in fair play enforcement. Retrieved fromhttp//www.hendonpub.com/resources/articlearchive/details.aspx?ID=31Seaskate Inc. (1998). The evolution and development of police technology. Retrieved fromhttp//www.police-technology.net/id59.htmlTitanium (2010). Comparing face recognition against other types of biometric authenticationmethods. Retrieved fromhttp//www.titanium-tech.com/download/CompareBio.pdfReichert, K. (2001). Promising approaches to addressing crime use of information technologyin law enforcement. University of south Wales, Australia.Scherpenzeel, R. (2008). Key issues in introducing information technology in criminal justice.retieved from http//www.uncjin.org/other/korebo/chapter3.pdf

Metaqualone

Methaqualone is ataraxic-hypnotic drug that is similar in effect to barbiturates, a general Central Nervous System depressant. This drug was mainly apply in the 1960s and 1970s for the treatment of insomnia, and as a muscle-builder relaxant. Methaqualone was first synthesized in India in 1951 by Lindra Kishore Kacker and Syed Hussain Zaheer. By 1965 it was the virtually commonly prescribed sedative in Britain. In 1972 it was the sixth bestselling sedative in the US, where it was legal under the brand name Quaalude. Methaqualone is a drug that helps the relief of tension, mental stress, and anxiety. oblivious Term effects Short term effects include a reduction of mental activity, cardiac and respiratory depression, drowsiness, reduced heart rate, reduced respiration and increased cozy arousal. The subvert of this drug gives rise to a barbiturate-type dependence. Long Term Effects Liver damage back end result from long term abuse of methaqualone or from ingestion of heavily adu lterer methaqualone. The liver is trustworthy for metabolizing or processing drugs in the body, and impurities in the drug brook own irreversible damage to the organ.Methaqualone as well as affects muscle movement and coordination and can produce parethesia, a pins and needles sensation, commonly in the face and fingers. Large doses as well as cause a heightened pain threshold, and uncontrolled muscle twitching. Physically Addicting or Psychologically Addicting Methaqualone is highly addictive both physically and psychologically, and unbroken moderate to heavy usage leads to tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms. Death Associated with Drug insensibility and death can result from using methaqualone.Ingestion of more than 800 mg of methaqualone in an adult and 150 mg in a child is considered toxic. The average lethal oral dose is 8-20 grams (100-200 mg/kg) and stupor can occur after ingestion of 2. 4 grams. Methaqualone can too cause coma or death at scorn levels i f it is taken with another CNS depressant such as alcohol. draw/Street Names of Drug Common street names for methaqualone are Quaalude, Lude, Quat, Quad, Mandex, and Sopors. How the Drug is Taken Methaqualone can be injected, and also taken orally. It is manufactured in tablets or capsules. Methaqualone can also be found in brown, gray or black crummy powder.An average dose of methaqualone is about 3 grams but it also depends on the persons body height, weight, and the use of any other drug. Within 4-8 hours of pickings the drug the user may experience slurred speech. Affects on foetal Development Methaqualone passes through the breast milk in loaded women. Animal studies have shown the drug to cause birth defects when used during pregnancy.Referenceshttp//www. streetdrugs. org. email&clxprotected org. Copyright Publishers Group, 1996. Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse. http//www. well. com/user/woa/fsseda. htm

Managerial Level and Skill Essay

1. DESCRIBE THE MANAGERIAL LEVEL &type A MANAGERIAL SKILL IN HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION MANAGMENT.Management is an cunning of getting things done through others. It is organized efforts so as to achive the predeterminedgoal. It is regular process made up of various functions like planning , plaque , controlling , directing. A manager is person who is prudent for getting puddle done through people so he must bear some skill managerial skilland take aims managerial levels Managerial levels In watchfulness there r three broad levels they are1. kickoff line or junior management2. Middle management3. efflorescence managmentFirst line management This is lowermost level which directs non managerial employers in other word called supervisors Middle management This level is important and responsible level which direct activities of junior managers and employee. Top management Overall management of organization is take care by this level. They are referred as chairman, prexy , vice president , chief executive officers , managing directors . Role of this peoples is to establish policies , strategies coordinate activities and guide peoples.Managerial skill Skill can be delimitate as an faculty to translate knowledge into actions. Henri fayol has define three managerial skill seems to be necessary in managers.Three types of skills are needful by managers,1. Human relation skills,2. abstract skills,3. skilful skills.Human skill Human relation skills are skills associated with a managers ability to work well with others, both as a member of a group and as a leader who gets things done.Conceptual skill Conceptual skills are skills related to the ability to visualize the organization as a whole, discern relationships among organizational parts, and understand how the organization fits into the wider context of the industry, community and world.Technical skill Technical skills are skills that reflect both an understanding of and technique in a specialized field. This is necessary for supervisors or lower level management.

Application of Deontological ethical theory Essay

In places where there ar interactions among lot, honorable philosophy become one of the most important principles that guide the demeanour, purpose making, and evaluating the conduct of the mess. Deontological system is used to evaluate ethics and guide pile for honorable considerations. Gender ethics is one of ethical issues that is most dominant in the rules of order where women love is a society that denies them fosterage, economic, and marital rightfulness. Hence, ethics can be said to be the principles by which wad live by in the society. This paper will discuss the deontological theory and how it is employ in sex activity ethical issues such as economic, educational, and marital rightfulness that are prevalent in most societies.In most education insinuations across the world, admission is in part establish on gender and in part in merits, which questions the ethical practice. Gender issues have guide to some students been denied chances to get tone educatio n in schools of their choice (Willingham, & vitamin A Cole2013). Although the issue can be seen as ethical as the schools try on to admit students while balancing the gender, it is wrong behaviour on the deontological theory point of view. Male students may be denied a chance for quality education at the expense of a female student. The society expects that a student who has passed his examinations should be in a sic to secure the position of a good school and obtain quality education. Deontologists argue that, in order for the schools to portray good gender ethics, it should not discriminate in terms of gender but it should consider merits for its admissions.Gender issues concerning economic equity in work place have been perceived as the most ethical dilemma that organizations face. Some organizations discriminate women in terms of engage and employments (Baker et al., 2009). Women are paid unfair wages while some are denied employment positions base on gender. The gender dis crimination can be considered as unethical on the point of view of deontological theory. In this theory, people do right to other people because the societies uphold it as corrects. In this situation, it would be ethically correct not to discriminate women based on gender since the society does not prescribe to that behaviour. On the other hand, pass competitive remunerations and employing people on merits is a socially accepted behaviour and thus follow deontological theory.Consequently, most societies regard women as lesser world when it comes to marital affaires. Women are denied rights to marital make decisions and hence they are throttle by the status and the power of their husbands (Baker et al., 2009). Moreover, their roles in the family are only seen as to conduct household chores and not any other occupation that is male-oriented. In deontological point of view, this is unethical behaviour and male and female should have comprise rights in making marital decisions and supporting families.The strength of deontological theory is that it mandates people to be reproducible in doing the right things. That is deontologists try to be consistent with their behaviour because they believe of what is morally upright (Ess, 2008). Hence, the theory can dish to address the gender ethics issues across the society in that it helps people in the society to do the right thing irrespective of their situations. For example, when a soul knows that discrimination based on gender is morally wrong, the person may live to protect gender equating and always overturn discrimination. In addition, the theory results in a responsible society where separately person knows his or her moral obligations and strives to meet them without failure. The conflicts that may arise from the unethical behaviours as a result of people failing to meet their moral obligations is eliminated.The weakness of this theory is that is does not explain how one can ethically act when he or she e ncounters two moral obligations. It only defines out-and-out(a) situations. In gender ethics, an employer may employ a female thespian for other reasons rather than moral obligations in disguise of gender equality. For example, a female worker may be employed for sexual favours although she is drug-addicted based on merits. This means that the employee could have employed the worker on merits but he has other reasons. Although the employee can be seen to have acted based on moral obligations, he was unethical due to preformed hiring motives. Hence, from this situation it is clear that there is a conflicting moral obligation, which the theory has not factored in when evaluating the ethical behaviours in the society (Thomasma, 2009).Conclusion              From the paper, it is evident that gender ethical issues are one of the major ethical problems in the society. It is experienced in economic, education, and marital situations. Deontological theory tr ies to explain how people can act based on their moral obligations. In gender ethics, moral obligations will involve gender equality in economic, marital, and education fields. Deontologists uphold gender equality in the society since it is a moral obligation. The strength of this theory is that it helps the society to be consistent in its behaviour. However, the weakness of the theory is that it only defines unattackable situations and fails to explain situations where moral obligations may be conflicting.ReferencesBaker, E. H., Sanchez, L. A., Nock, S. L., & Wright, J. D. (2009). Covenant espousal and the sanctification of gendered marital roles. Journal of Family Issues, 30(2), 147-178.Ess, C. (2008). Culture and ball-shaped networks hope for a global ethics. Information technology and moral philosophy, 195, 225.Thomasma, D. C. (2009). Theories of medical ethics the philosophical structure. armed forces Medical Ethics, 1, 23-60.Willingham, W. W., & Cole, N. S. (2013). G ender and fair assessment. Routledge.Source document

Notes on “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay

Though the novel is entitled The Adventures of huckleberry Finn and the story is told by huckaback, the gravestone reference book in the novel is Jim The Adventures of huckabackleberry Finn has two get wind casings, one and unless(a) is the slave Jim, the an other(a)(prenominal) the protagonist huckaback. Jim and huck could each be considered the key characters for different reasons, Jim as he is the principal(prenominal) good simulation of the typical slave (slavery universe the most important theme of this novel) and huckaback for he is the main storyteller.Jim is an important character in The Adventures of huckleberry Finn, and with extinct him the novel would be ineffectual. However The Adventures of huckleberry Finn is a novel rough the adventures of the protagonist Huck, and it is more likely that the key character of this novel is Huck because we see every function from his view. In a novel which is pen as a satiric social comment upon the s unwraphern states of the States Jims role as the manifestation of slavery must be a key one.Incidents in which Jim interacts with other characters and their reactions to him are meant to symbolise the wider participations opinions on slaves and the practice of slavery. Jim, is a heroic normal in a book whose main characters consist of liars, cheats and scoundrels. Jim al rooms does the respectable thing if he can, he always feels empathy for others fifty-fifty if those mess show no such emotions for him. The incident at the end of the novel when he saves gobbler and risks what he believes to be his own freedom is a case in point.We empathise with Jim because even though other characters suggest that his feelings are least(prenominal) important, whose life is lesser, whose existence is trivial, he manages to stay cheerful, and even kind to those who shroud him in this manner. This quality betrays him even more heroic, for he is a figure who turns the other cheek, and is kind to others no ma tter what. Jim doesnt lie or cheat, or steal or gamble and looks down on these activities. Jim is neer bitter, he never complains, and never expects Huck to return or even notice what he does for him.However this is no to say that Huck is not heroic himself, his support for Jim, a black man, who Huck has been taught is inferior and as important as a pack horse is astounding, and displays that Huck is fast enough and heroic enough to make the harder choice and choose his center of attention over his conscience. An example of Huck choosing his heart occurs just after Jim has been exchange by the King and the Duke for forty dollars, Huck believes he has been forced to make a choice between Jim and heaven. He chooses Jim with the words All undecomposed then, Ill go to hell.It is Jims escape and the subsequent affright of his re-capture that provides the reason for himself and Huck to leave the island and travel down the river where most of their adventures occur. Without Jim str addle would lack a reason for Huck to travel down the river and catch what he experiences, without Jim this would be little more than a story about a boy who fakes his own death, and then lives on an island. Add to this the incident that Jim is the leader during the travel down the river. He is the one who knows all the signs of weather, either good or bad, it is he who makes their journey its success and ensures their lives.Jim is the maturest out of himself and Huck. Hucks im maturity date is shown when he puts the rattlesnake in Jims dormancy bag, or when he plays a trick on Jim during the fog. Jims maturity is displayed by his reaction to the incident when Huck plays a trick on him during the fog. Without Jim the novel would be innefectual because Hucks development would be boney without him. champion prime example of Jims importance occurs when Huck comes snuggled to fully realising that Jim is a real person too and the colour of his clamber does not diminish his humanit y.Huck has realised that Jim is a human and that he should not play tricks on him or regard him as stupid, nigh the end of the novel Huck says I knowed he was unclouded privileged, Huck is expresing his realisation that Jim is a human in the plainly way he knows by making Jim white. Hucks realisation is comfortably brought across to us just after he has hidden in the fog, and returned to Jim, Jim works out that Huck is trying to trick him and reacts very seriously to Hucks prank. Huck then says.it was fifteen minutes forward I could work myself to humble to a nigger- but I make it, and I warnt ever sorry for it afterwards, neither. I didnt do him no more mean tricks, and I wouldnt make that one if Id knowed it would make him feel that way. Huck and Jim have a symbiotic relationship, they need each other Huck needs Jim to remain dynamic and keep our attention, and Jim needs Huck to unloose his bearing in the novel. Jims effect on Huck is Brobdingnagian it is through Jim t hat Huck begins to learn about how the colour of skin does not alter the person intimate.An example of this occurs when Huck says and I do believe he cared just as much for his people as white folks does for theirn . Huck justifies Jims existence as a character of substance in this novel, for through helping Huck and feel for for him, Jim is makes an impact on the reader, and hence makes his position in the novel as one of its main characters more tenable. However while it is patently true that Jim teaches Huck he is not Hucks only teacher, several other characters such as Pap and Tom withal teach Huck valuable lessons.One example of Huck being taught by someone other than Jim occurs when Huck says If I never learnt nothin else out of pap, I learnt that the best way to get along with his kind of people is to let them have their own way. It is through Huck and his reactions to various events that match passes on his opinions to the reader. Huck is a character through which the author, in span puts across his point of view, for example Hucks realisation that Jim is in any case a human and also important. bridge is trying to get this mental object across to the public. Huck is a representation of the common person at the beginning of the novel.He is white, uneducated, simple, and not willing to think about what he is told just willing to accept it. Hucks realisations about right and wrong, and importantly his own ability to determine this for himself are drawn out and argued logically inside a story which will hold the readers attention. through and through Huck Twain frames all the key issues of freedom, racism and slavery, personal legality and social rebellion against social attitudes of the period. This occurs when Huck interacts with key characters who are representative of a theme or an idea being presented by Twain.For example his interaction with Tom who represents conventional social attitudes, as the novel progresses Huck is less inclined t o accept what Tom says or does as correct. One example of this occurs when Huck quits Tom Sawyers band of thieves, he no longer agrees with Tom, and legion(predicate) of Toms imagined incidents such as that of rading the pass school picnic no longer hold any credit with Huck. This moving away from Tom and what he represents, is an indication of Twains rejection of conventional social values.Jim is the symbolic representation of only one of these points of discussion, slavery. Jim is only a part of that whole because he represents only one of the themes that Twain is discussing in this novel. Unlike Huck, Jim is not the one who reveals the authors opinions through his actions and reactions he is merely representative of one of these ideas. Without Hucks presence the novel lacks a unifying element. Jim is unable to fill the void in this regard as he is a relatively static character who does not change.This is unlike the dynamic Huck who changes some of his opinions and learns about many things ranging from serious issues such as slavery to simpler things such as to how to secern what the weather will be. The most important factor that leads me to argue that Huck is the protagonist comes from the fact that the whole novel is told in first person. It is Hucks views not Jims that we get, it is his outlook that colours our opinion, and most importantly his vernacular we read. In fact Jim himself is seen through Hucks eyes, with Hucks opinion colouring our own.Huck is omnipresent, this is not so with Jim he continuously disappears when it does not serve Twain to have him in the episode. Debates inside Hucks mind, the incident when Huck plays a trick on Jim during the fog, and even the whole Shepardson, Grangerford incident are lacking the presence of Jim. When Huck meets the Shepardsons and the Grangerfords, for example Jim magically disappears into the bushes to repair the raft. Huck is in every second base of the novel, and other characters are merely there be cause they interact with Huck, Jim is no exception.Jim is an extremely important character in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Jim represents slavery the major theme of the novel, is forgiving, and kind, hitherto this makes him a heroic character, not the key character. Huck on the other hand is the key character by virtue of his predominance throughout the book, he is on every page, and every line and unlike Jim he is the character who reveals and in effect discusses issues through his reactions, action and interaction with other characters. Hence it is fair and logical to conclude that although important Jim is not the key character of the novel, that honour must go to Huck.

Affect of Social Media on Teenagers

favorable media effect on Teenagers The best way to understand the definition of affable media is to break it down. fond media is a relatively new form of communication its a to a greater extent advanced version of the older forms of communication like television, newspapers and radio. Examples of social networking and Micro blogging web dumbfoundes which be a main part of social media are Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Tumblr, Google+ etc. In recent times, battalion deal be occur more accustomed to using these online websites as it is more convenient to use and casual to access.Modern generations upset virtually of the old forms of media as a one-way avenue as you can receive the information but you cannot express your in the flesh(predicate) views over any matter. Social media on the other hand is cognize as a two-way street that does not only issue us with information but it also allows us to give fanny our views and concerns. Though recently, social media has been ext ensively misused by teenagers. about teenagers consider social media as a vital part of their keep.But what they dont realize is how social media, along with a few of its positive effects, is negatively affecting them mentally, physically and socially. Social media may be a denotation of education to adolescents but as good comes with bad, so comes the negative mental effects of social media. As its benefits, social media helps shy teens come emerge of their shells by expressing themselves better and by being more outgoing. It also helps make teenagers virtually empathetic. Like for example if someone posts a status saying, I had the worst day of my life , and you post a comment saying, bellyache me if you need anything , you have just expressed virtual empathy and studies prove that close teenagers are capable of making use of this empathy in real life too. Alongside, social media can be a major grammatical case of instigating narcism among teenagers. Narcissism is a case of extreme self-admiration and interest in oneself, in particular physical appearances. Also, teenagers who use social media frequently are more accustomed to depression and anxiety.While Facebook can be of great help when keeping in contact with long lost friends, it is the main cause of distraction for a teenager during study time and can lead to lower grades. Social media can be very useful but if it is misused, it can cause a lot of mental damage to a user. (Turgeon, 2011) Social media tissue sites, such as Facebook and Twitter, have become nearly inescapable part of modern life, particularly for teenagers. Reports suggest that this can have harsh health outcomes on health.Especially as the teenage body is still a underdeveloped body. Eating and do is very necessary to remain fit and healthy. Most teenagers show the least amount of interest in their physical exercise as they are hooked on to their favorite forms of social media in if not all then most of their free time. (Gordon, 2011) . Social media has no positive physical effects on teenagers as it tends to make them unavailing and inactive leading them to a unhealthy lifestyle. Social media may have positive and negative social effects on society.Social media helps with staying in dissemble with your other school or College friends , it helps in staying informed about whats going around in your locality for example facebook helps u look out when your friends birthday is coming up, where and when a event is going to come up, where have youre friends checked in etc. The down sides of this is when hoi polloi get used to staying over informed, they wonder why werent called for a party, why didnt someone wish them for their birthday etc. some other negative side is that social media is like a drug to most teenagers.It lessens our time for physical interaction with family and friends. Some people would just sit in front of the computer for a day, example some families when they go out for dinner they barely talk to each other they are all glued to their mobile devices they only talk about what is hap on the social media websites, what pictures should be uploaded and where they should be tagged in. Some people are sleep deprived because they spend much of their sleeping or resting time on these websites. Scams and worst even deaths have been identified with the inappropriate use of social media.

European imperialism Essay

Mortimer Chambers et al define imperialism as a atomic number 63an states intervention in and move domination oer a non- europiuman territory. During the Scramble for Africa in the latish nineteenth century, the most ruling European nations desired to conquer, dominate and exploit African colonies with the hope of building an empire. fit in to Derrick murphy, in 1875 only ten pct of Africa was occupied by European states. Twenty years later only ten percent remained unoccupied. thither were several factors which attracted European imperialists to Africa. thither were opportunities for profit equal investment and dole out. dim materials, which Africa possessed in abundance, were withal desired. A cheap source of force was required as it would result in higher profits. In addition, at that place was international argument among European nations. Domestic policy-making interests and social Darwinism may also be blamed for attracting European imperialism to Africa.European imperialists were lured to Africa by the potential drop economic benefits she possessed. Industrialization caused a mass productivity and on that point became an artificial need for foreign markets to invest in. According to Brian Levack et al, with the onset of economic even out in 1873 industrialists were faced with a declining demand for their products in Europe. Imperial working out, it was thought, would will a solution with annexed territories seen as captive markets. It was believed that the unfavorable balance of trade that Britain and other industrial countries were experiencing could be counterbalanced by the income from overseas investments.Also, waste capital could be profitably invested in Africa where cheap labour and circumscribed competition would result in higher profits. Prominent European imperialists unyielding to use the public resources of their country to knock lucrative means of exploitation their capital. The English radical economist J.A. Hobson, argues that the intention was to level out inequalities of riches to increase domestic consumption. Local merchants, traders and bankers were optimistic towards the idea of imperial expansion and capital investments outside of Europe became an increasingly vital sector of its economy.There was an increasing demand for unrefined materials in Europe in the late nineteenth century. According to Brian Levack, the revolutionary technologies characteristic of the industrial revolution meant that industrial Europe became increasingly dependent on rude(a) materials. European nations matte the urge to control lands that possessed great quantities of raw materials. Africa was rich with raw materials as well as many treasure reserves. As a result, many major industrial companies attempted to gain a monopoly of raw materials in Africa. Stuart Miller believes that specific trade links were important to situation industries.Some raw materials in Africa were of great importance the vege table anoint of the Niger was vital for lubricating industrial machinery and the rubber of the Congo was not only congenital for the tires on the peeled automobiles but also for insulating the electrical and telegraph wires instantaneously encircling the globe. The plentiful elephant herds could be slaughtered to provide the ivory for many of the new consumer goods such as piano keys, billiard b boths and knife handles. In Togoland, Germans were able to cultivate plantations where they grew cocoa and rubber. Other raw materials included peanuts, cotton and tea. There were also many important minerals and South Africa possessed gold and diamonds. international rivalry among European nations contributed greatly to imperialist ventures in Africa. Britains rivalry with France and Germany accounted for a large explode of the colonization. The British government wished to maintain its say-so in the colonial regions. Other European originators desired to expand their colonial spher es as well and Britain responded by seizing colonies. Certain territories were important for their location. The Suez furnish was key waterway between East and West Africa. The immense inside between the gold and diamond rich southern Africa and Egypt had a strategic value as domination of this region was important to secure the shine of overseas trade. The British wanted to link their possessions in Southern Africa with their territories in East Africa, and these two areas with the Nile basin. Obtaining the Sudan was vital to the fulfillment of these ambitions especially since Egypt was already below(a) British control.This red-line through Africa was made famous by Cecil Rhodes and Lord Milner who advocated for a Cape to Cairo empire linking by rail the Suez Canal to the Southern part which possessed many minerals. According to Brian Levack, there was also a certain level of nationalist competition. The unification of Germany upset the balance of ply in Europe. In this clima te of tension, governments looked towards enforcing national faculty. The newly formed nations of Italy and Germany this instant sought empires outside Europe as a means of gaining post and prestige within Europe. In the nineteenth century, a German historian Henrich con Treitschke utter All great nations in the fullness of their strength constitute desired to set their mark on barbarian lands and those who relegate to participate in this great rivalry will pay a pitiable role in time to come.Under the leadership of Bismarck, Germany before long embarked on a quest of expansionism. Bismarcks distrust of England under Gladstone was one of the reasons he decided to do this. Germany became engaged in an arms race with Great Britain and it desired as many armament and naval bases as it could obtain. France needed to restore its damaged national superciliousness later on its defeat by Germany in the Franco-Prussian war and therefore embarked upon expansionism. Their design ate was to have an uninterrupted link between the Niger River and the Nile, thus controlling all trade to and from the Sahel region, by virtue of their existing control over the go routes through the Sahara.Domestic political interests also contributed to European Imperialism in Africa. As stated by Brain Levack, in the age of mass politics, political leaders needed to find forces that would both appeal to new voters and settle the status quo. Imperialism led the ordinary European people to believe that they were part of a superior, conquering people. Bismarck used imperial issues to help him find political allies in Germany and once remarked all this colonial billet is a sham but we need it for the elections. According to Lawrence pile, in the mid-nineties witnessed a rapid expansion of newspaper readership with the appearance of a new type of daily designed to attract the working and lower fondness class.sociable Darwinism and missionary intentions are two prunes that are u sed to excuse European imperialism in Africa. Rudyard Kipling characterized the Africans as sullen, new caught peoples, fractional devil and half child. The Europeans believed it to be their duty to civilize the wild savage Africans. Liberalism, which may be defined as a dedication to self-improvement and the belief that there were discoverable rules of general conduct that everyone could follow, contributed to the paternal manner in which Europe acted and arguments of racial and cultural superiority that pushed Europeans into Africa to civilize the local populations. Lawrence James states that nations who had presently reached the highest stage of civilization were taking control over those which had lagged behind, or races, same the Asante, who were not seen as fit to control their own affairs. In an issue of the Dublin Review in the late nineteenth century it was stated that The future of Africa under any form of European tutelage must(prenominal) be better than the dark and evil nightmare of the past.These Social Darwinists were able to persuade the natives that what was being done was to their ultimate benefit. According to Derrick Murphy et al, there existed the idea that imperialism was a moral duty as a means of spreading Western civilization and Christian values. Many Europeans bought this excuse while others did not. Africans were forced to adopt the Christian religion. In some cases they were killed for continuing to practice their own faiths. Some historians believe that the whole motive for Christian evangelism in Africa was simply to disrupt and destroy and that it was always politically motivated. First, missionaries were brought to the continent. Secondly, after some natives were converted and there was a considerable amount of disorderliness among them, the troops were sent to exploit them.Their main intention was to divide to control. According to an African chieftain The white man is very clever. He came quietly and peaceably with his religion. We were amused at his foolishness and allowed him to stay. Now he has win our brothers and our clan can no longer act like one. He has put a knife on the things that held us together and we have fallen apart.Various factors attracted European imperialism to Africa in the later nineteenth century. Europe was changing and their colonial empires were associated with the ideas of national greatness and the survival of the fittest. This caused a massive drive for empires. There was a yearning for raw materials, national power and prestige. Each nation which possessed a colonial territory also possessed a sense of superiority.Bibliography1.) Chambers Mortimer, Hanawalt Barbara, Rabb Theodore, Woloch Isser, Grew Raymond, The Western Experience, 1999, The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., unify States of America2.) James Lawrence, The White Mans Burden? Imperial Wars in the nineties Spielvogel Jackson, Western Civilization, Mc Graw Hill, Connecticut, 1999(pgs 100-105)3.) Levack Brian, Muir Edward, MaasMichael, Veldman Meredith, The West, Encounters and Transformations, 2004, Pearson Education Inc., United States of America4.) Miller Stuart, Mastering groundbreaking European History, 1997, Palgrave, United Kingdom, Hampshire5.) Murphy Derrick, Morris Terry, Europe 1870-1991, 2000, Harper Collins Publishers LTD, United Kingdom, England6.) The Church as a Tool of Imperialism