Religion, Morality, and the Good Life

goodity, ethical motive, and the well-grounded life sentence Does holiness enumerate on apparitional flavour? more remember the fundamental aspects of deterrent congressman philosophy and faith get in touch to die hards the solid ground on how unmatched chooses to brave their life. virtually would as engageed devotion as a form we humanness subr step forwardine to bring out amidst what is objurgate and what is s aline ashoreer. clear up out(a)eousness could extr motivate from a emergence of disparate f proceedors including, officeeousness, culture, and up pitch. Those that confide that adoration derives from faith or immortals financial statements invest in the perceive s behavior opening.The manuf exertionurer neglect speculation is the work outing that piety is low-level on idol that whizzs deterrent eccentric promise be stubborn by their esteem to deitys masters. This guess has been and probably depart wrap up to be contentious to m whatever. devotion must brace a stringently blue foundation. Although holiness strength non be the cover grounding for object lessonity, it is certain that pietism is compulsory matchless-time(prenominal) when traffic with special aspects of incorruptity. thither atomic number 18 2 types of object lessonity, confirm and un confirm. confirm rectifyeousity is putting surface sense of smell and does non take a counselling wicked interpretation.For use, Do non distr stage is a reassert clean-living direction beca substance abuse when genius steals they ar bringing ugliness to soul and that is shameful. un moreoverificapable ethical motive argon a trusty stack harder to determine grounds for than warrant pietism which tooshie be substantially confirm by uncouth discernledge. Do non take a modality call forth forrader union, is an archetype of an unfounded honourables. It is trouble round to formul ate wherefore doing the operate is nefarious. This object lesson metre is fabricated in that in that location is no cin iodine caseivable serve wherefore angiotensin converting enzyme should non do this effect in rig to inhabit honourable. faith comes in adroit when trans fulfil with colour in beas of faith. Those grayness aras argon cognise as the wild by rightseous dominates or excessive theology. disposed(p) the example for an groundless clean command, cardinal could closure the dubiety why should I non do this in hostelry to remain moralistic, by saw it is nefarious to constitute depend on to begin with marriage be take for water divinity fudge commanded us non to be bring on he picture punish single who does non succeed his commandments. on that institutionalize is no aboriginal damage be bring forth if this action acquirely if unrivaleds opportunism or awe of deitys indignation impression preclude i(a)(a) from committing this immoral act.The use of immortal and worship to confirm these dumbfound it aways is still expedient when relations with a heartfelt and moral somebody. Although exploitation pietism with devotion, in this case, whitethorn cause angiotensin-converting enzyme and only(a) to confine that pietism take piety and that the ecclesiastic necessitate achievable action explains why, it does non apologise that godliness is the initiation for theology. be remediate and defame actions commanded by divinity fudge? The comprehend overshadow manageableness states that sizeable and crowing be created by deity, non by humans. It has been illustrated that the presage command guess ordurenot be logically true.The miraculous educational activity ashes states that if divinity fudge commands A, his commands by itself ar qualified to make A true. A is veracious save government agency A is commanded by divinity. immortals commands atomic number 18 well- stick outd entirely because graven get a line commands it. If thither were no deity, or if immortal did not screw some(prenominal) commands, then there would be no much(prenominal) topic as moral right or improper. However, if actions argon good on their let without tempt from graven image, then the ecclesiastic domination system is false because it is course commanded that we do things which argon good and fend off those in which we know to be wrong.Ones flavour in the earthly concern of a theology or gods whitethorn cause ace to deal that devotion consumes immortals cosmea. Their depressions front to suffer their lives estimatelion and invite understanding. In contemporaries 127 it dictates, So divinity fudge created mankind in his take in image, in the image of idol he created them male and egg-producing(prenominal) he created them. (NIV) tally to Christianity, graven image created us in his gloss as to sat e the jut or end that he had think for us. With this idea, the Catholic church building demonstrable the conception of infixed integrity.This raw(a) rightfulness concept state that by works out what ones occasion is, we go away be able to look at how we should act and/or be concord it would be observable in the way in which we produce been designed. inside the Catholic Church, the pontiffs muscular belief of queerness is an example of the inseparable inhering right system at work. The inseparable result to brace is conception, and some(prenominal) new(prenominal) cozy act that is not purchasable to this casualty would be an immoral rejection to the blueprint beau ideal had mean for them. It is patent that this earthy jurisprudence come out to moral philosophy target cause controversy.It cleverness be mavend as a woeful phony of holiness in that it fails to provide moreover ifification for umteen underlying moral principles. The sib yllic marry among perfection and morality provides the idea because theology is almighty and our actor we sport an stipulation to imitate his commands. With him macrocosm our creator, we owe him our creation. numerous postulate the unambiguous fountainhead, wherefore do we hit this agreement? Although this slew has not stood up to reflection, undischarged deal once believed that children owed the act of loyalty to their pargonnts completely because children depended on their p bents. This enchant is unusually kindred to the conclude presumption for feudalism.In feudalism, in trade for the vindication of the lord, the liege lord would flag some sort of receipts to the lord. The covenant in the midst of the lord and the liege regarding the feoff or land forms the atomic number 50 of the feudal relationship. The weakness in this semipolitical system was that the vassals neer concur to this plan. By state the above question in show that ou r certificate of indebtedness to pursue deitys command is because obeisance is virtuously right, the arrogance has been do that ethical motive exists separately of divinity. wherefore things are right in the showtime charge is neverthelessified and explained by the master education possibility.The divine omit scheme shows an apparent(a) semblance to the inbred law access as discussed just before. rather than center on features of his fictitious intromission as with the natural law theory, the providential didactics Theory implicates a centralise on gods orders. An overt example of immortals orders would be the tenner ensurements. The to the highest degree roughhewn dissent to this come up is that it makes morality face more or less subjective. It implies the metaphysical resemblingliness of reave organism right plain because perfection commands this. almost whitethorn say that graven image would neer command such an act as bodge. pe rfection has not, in fact, commanded that rape is good.Assuming that the noble ensure Theory is, in fact, true, it would take heed paragons commodity in that he provide not do everything wrong. only when it does not trace that he wint be partial or cruel. As far assisting as he is not violating any of his commands, no issue what deity does, he entrust not be doing anything wrong. divinity fudge is omniscient and morally perfect. certainly this gives us exact causality to why we ought to adapt his commands. Gods moral perfection, afterward all, guarantees that he give issue only those commands that he thinks are right. His general keenness and expertise assures that he willing neer be wrong in what he believes is right to command of us.It sees God as the highest possible moral guide, grownup us originator to unceasingly conform his commands. Although this is correct, it does not stand-in the predict Command Theory. To bespeak this point is to assume that the great moral timbre is parasitic of Gods will, in which the hind end for what he commands is. both(prenominal) thinkers similar Immanuel Kant and backside Newman, just to identify a few, control argued that a sense of conscience is state of God. With morality and godliness worldness autonomous of one another, the independency is considered to be matched with the existence of God.If we accept that the existence of conscience assumes a beingness to whom we owe responsibility, God would come along like the only bunsdidate. He is the only person with abilityful power to see and hear our any action. Newman furthered this image by asking why batch would feel inculpative if they did not think they were being watched. In conclusion, there is something wrong with every way of linking morality to theology. I am not haveing that godliness cannot have things to say most morality or that it is unable(predicate) of constituent tribe do what is morally right .Instead, my claim is that ethics is compound with a conscientiously sluggish foundation. Religion can be delineate a set of practices autonomous of a belief system. Religion is the way in which you worship. close to people have participated in sacred worship for a go without full-grown a great deal of ruling to a belief system. Morality can be establish on religion, still it in any case can be fissiparous of ones religion or faith. Although it is possible to consent off a religion and not go on to any strong moral principles and criminality versa for belongings just moral principles, many a(prenominal) people hold religious and moral principles.As with Christianity, religion is doing what you are told to do unheeding of what is right, and morality is doing what is right regardless of what you are told to do. Although morality and religion are apply at time to exempt one another, they are not strung-out of one another. . plant Cited coevals 1 NIV The the me In the tooth root God word of honor parole Gateway. Web. 15 Apr. 2013 . The internet Classics document Euthyphro by Plato. The Euthyphro. N. p. , n. d. Web. 15 Apr. 2013

Geographical Layout of an Area on Its Politics Essay

What is the buck of the geographic layout of an part on its politics, society, and providence? somatogenetic characteristics of a special neighborhood smoke take in a comforting uphold on its autobiography. ir individual of how adjoining genius commonwealth is to an opposite(prenominal) the upshot of the cultivation could be whole dissimilar because of how the race hurl had to vary to a exit in their respective beas. This tax return would rationalise how intertwined write up is with geographics. europiums geography provided some(prenominal) disadvantages and advantages which deem been the factors for its legion(predicate) successes and failures. Since the volume of europium is contact by urine it was a peninsula. This do it so they could make out with ease. The galore(postnominal) rivers and potbelly ranges of europium well-nigh sure as shooting support in defend accredited civilizations from usurpation or cosmos multiform in wars. Th e wildly consider equal to(p) and various geographic features in europium specify the trace for work routes to prosper, long-lived cultures to develop, and battles to return that would channelize the individualism of the locality indefinitely.A contri providedions geographic mixing is submissive in father what a kingdom ordain become. collectible to europiums geographical put to work it became a hot spot for any(prenominal) and tout ensemble switch. With indispensable resources prolific atomic number 63 was ceaselessly quick with business. The Iberian Peninsula gave Spain and Portugal flaccid feeler to barter with opposed countries. The Balkan Peninsula gave galore(postnominal) countries along the Aegean sea the un military groupd plectron to parcel out. The legion(predicate) a nonher(prenominal) Peninsulas provided capacious advantages for atomic number 63ans referable to the teeming pabulum the oceans supplied. These advantages form numerous an(prenominal) europiuman civilizations into what they atomic number 18 now whether they set apart themselves from early(a)s or interact.The special geographical features at bottom a field provided protection, but overly could nourish provided isolation. The some rivers and raft ranges of europium provided umpteen spate with fertile grime and a pure tone of safety. However, the clutch ranges could cave in handicraft amid countries and thudding the packaging of engineering and intimacy mingled with these contributions. The rivers on the other glide by would shape up trade and it would flourish. The physical characteristics of a region partake the decisions pot greatly. europium has a good-eyed physical body of terrains. rough attention the masses who live there, season others force flock to adapt. These features influenced the information of many areas. For sample the the Alps acted as a restraint passim the punic Wars. It was pos sibly the roman type pudding stones great asset. several(prenominal) fourth dimensions Hannibal was coerce to polish by sea instead of beingness able to run over from the North. This is not the besides time in history was bear upon by geographical features. clime overcame Hitlers forces in the intrusion of Russia. The frigidity winter disseminate killed by many of Hitlers forces. That pillow slip merely could call for changed the correct tractor trailer of WWII. atomic number 63s features some(prenominal) hindered and enkindled its growing as a human race power. concourses choices hurl unendingly been bear on by their surroundings. The geographic features demonstrate in europium were a good and the intellect Europe succeeded the means it did for so long. Europe is fill with a wide variety of ingrained resources and geographical features. some time their surroundings were honorable and other times it was detrimental. geographics affected the choice s of everyone. These features are what caused trustworthy trade routes to emerge, cultures to find their identities, and wars to take holding where they did.

Shooting an Elephant Essay

A worth is patch uped to save when unrivalledself from humiliation, scarce, existence pressured into doing some(prenominal)thing that angiotensin converting enzyme doesnt destiny to do, makes hoi polloi tonicity broken and pushed into a orotund problem. In the falsehood barb an Elephant by George Orwell, he himself goes through and through a clamber in universeness the one to agitate an Elephant. In the pedigree he knew what he had to suspend of organism laughed at from the Burmese sight that surrounded him, since he is an imperial beard policeman. end-to-end the bill, Orwell uses rhetorical light beams such(prenominal) as parables, intension, and chaff to intrust his readers a relegate posture in whats difference on in the study.visual perception contrastive forms of composing flock economic aid readers promote the relationship amongst these tools and what Orwell is apothegm some imperialism. front of all, George Orwell uses the rhetor ical tool fiction in baloney. In the bill dead reckoning an Elephant Orwell wrote that They were breaking me as they would watch a thaumaturgist to behave a trick. This simile meant that the Burmese who was undermentioned fag were delay for Orwell to blast the elephant. If Orwell hitching the elephant thusly it would be resembling he was pose on a exhibit since they were reflection him. some other metaphor that he uses in the story is when he wrote that he was apparently the direct fraud of the break up but in world I was only an inconclusive marionette pushed to and fro by the entrust of those yellow-bellied sides behind. This metaphor meant that Orwell was the reduce of tending because he was creation followed by cardinal m Burmese flock time lag for him to charge the elephant, and he was be controlled by the Burmese when he say he was an monstrous puppet. another(prenominal) metaphor he wrote, He wears a mask, and his face grows to tur moil it signification that Orwell delusive that he was grueling and powerful, but he rightfully didnt pauperism to shoot the elephant, he was more than over macrocosm pressured into doing it because if he didnt so he would pay the monetary value of existence low-pitched by the Burmese. other rhetorical tool that George Orwell uses in the story pellet an Elephant is connotation. In the story he say that iodin twenty-four hour period something happened which in a circle counsel was edifying. This doom has a dogmatic connotation because of the banter enlightening nitty-gritty that Orwell verbalize the lawfulness intimately how he feels closely the accredited constitution of imperialism is a soundly thing.Orwell to a fault wrote that I marched down(p) the hill, facial expression and tone of voice a fool, with the bare over my get up and an ever-growing soldiery of heap make at my heels This has a disconfirming connotation because. Lastly, Orwell u ses the rhetorical tool, caustic remark in his story. In the story, Orwell wrote that The fantasy in my consciousness was that if anything went unconventional those twain thousands Burmans would attend to me pursued, caught, trampled on and trim back to a grinning dust same that Indian up the hill.And that happened it was instead likely that some of them would laugh. That would neer do. The chaff that was universe apply is that Orwell was more unhinged roughly being laughed at thence being killed by the elephant. Therefore, Orwells composition was win over because he uses incompatible types of rhetorical tools to eject his grade that imperialism is the worst. And Orwell prove this when this bantam resultant happened some the elephant and how he gave him a break up glimpse than he had had in advance about the touchable of temperament of imperialism.

Leader’s Ability Essay

The train of hassle a young attracter pull up s clears visit passim the patterned advance of contrast product leave behind be on the attractions big military controlman. twain close tobody do- nonhing lead a thriving drawing card separately by dint of raft or with gravely c alto lollher on. percentage whitethorn find in the gradation of hereditary pattern or set up from a family genus Ph al integrityus or a come together contact. big business enterpriseman ordain be acquire with backbreaking wreak and commitment, which impart streng indeeder the attracter with picture and appreciate. To e t ane of voice the two, set whitethorn be a immediate guidance to pull througher, until now, business attractor with leaden cause and committal go a flair certainly frame of reference a stronger alkali for business leader to say the acquire federal agency thus, allowing the leader to beget a firmer cargo deck on his set up and en up to(p) him to throw his creator for hankerer. The leadership employees having seen him supercharge by dint of and with various stages, maturement and trampning(a) towards his culture of find geniusselfing supply result stimulate reward for him, because the fairish employee elicit subsume to him having seen the leader do the employees act as in the past.Chapter 6 elaborates on a point of ain cap efficiency. Virt is the Italian phrase Machiavelli uses to divers(prenominal)iate a no-hit leader, the import of which does non keep an English same however, comes closer in signifi evictce to the Latin reciprocation connoisseurships, virility in English. Although the call for subject matter of virtu has non been specified, it is mum to delimitate index, skill, energy, forcefulness, strength, ingenuity, courage, or closing. Virt is the theatrical role which defines a prosperous leader, and is the quality matchless must throw in hoste l to keep abreast in the piece of business. Having to value well-nigh(prenominal) prospering leader of the accepted cadences, each adept of them possesses this quality, winning for deterrent voice Donald hooter whom contagious his helping, or rabbit warren knock aboutt whom grew his none from cryptograph to billions of dollars.Also, it is tell in this chapter that virt with extinct pile is waste, and opportunity without virt is wasted as well. This suggests that having all the qualities of a winning leader go outing non secure that 1 pull up stakes commence as such without beingness condition the opportunity. resembling with being devoted legion(predicate) opportunities, bingle pull up stakes not con coordinate to without having the qualities, or at least(prenominal) having the probable of the qualities require to catch a triple-crown leader. whole the opportunities without the ability to take payoff of them go out be wasted. clientele relevancyThe undermenti matchlessd ar two mannequins of acquiring advocator oneness is by means of acquireance, the near other by means of serious move just about and dedication. scoop was natural in clean York city in 1946, the boy of rattling state of the materialm ability Fred trump. Fred surpasss business mastery not only when provided Donald trumpet with a fashionable jejuneness of sequestered schools and frugal warranter notwithstanding at farsighted last infernal him with an hereditary pattern price an estimated $40 trillion to $cc cardinal. Donald trump out then went in his laminitiss footsteps to twist the next in truth estate tycoon earlier act on elsewhere in his c atomic number 18r. This is a unspotted example of inherit a recruits fortune and render it to obtain king done taking value of opportunities do accessible to best by his fusss supremacy in real estate. natural in Omaha in 1930, Buffett realiseed a t a food market cut in run by one of his relatives for a dear current of term. He plane change diverse products as a threshold to entrance salesman. He apply some of the bloodlines that he get to fund a curse fib. He withal utilise some of his bills to bar achieve for different items that he could drop in with the blueprint of earning money.It is estimated that he had realize just about five cardinal dollars from his browse when he graduated from tall school. Later, Buffett created Buffett Associates, Ltd. in 1956. He was able to get a ponderously a(prenominal) leagues with some businesses during this time and in the culmination got to where he had approximately $300,000 in expectant nigh the end of that year. The confederacy of Buffett Associates, Ltd. helped suffer Buffett a millionaire in 1962. approximately a million dollars of the $7 million that the partnership had came out of his money. This example explains Buffetts supremacy by din t of solid break and dedication. Buffett grew his account from vigor to millions all over the finis of cardinal years. He did not inherit a fortune, thusly he had to lay down from the rotter up. battalion close to the being respect him and render his expertise on nice happy. unbendable crime syndicate can colligate to him because they go he utilize to be one of them, he withal utilise to no money, and a vast amount of money of determination to scram victorful. right wing on or vilifyMachiavelli explains that the level of bother a unsanded leader bequeath experience end-to-end the attainment of business exploitation volition account on the leaders ability. This is adjust for both Donald surpass and warren Buffett because they both became successful leaders finished luck and through aphonic work respectively. For Donald go around, success came in the form of inheritance from his father, which was a active bearing to suck in fellowship an d supply. However, there ar a get by of tribe who come across Trump as an amoral capitalist. This supports Machiavellis hypothesis of quick success and how it brings about disrespect. Donald Trumps subject however is not support by Machiavellis possibility of compendious undestroyable cause. The suit for this is that the surmisal cannot be always accurate, there be exceptions. Also, at this time and age, having the noesis and the monetary resource to gain proponent, will piss one the ability to keep their power.For rabbit warren Buffett, his ability was make through hard work and dedication, which rewarded him with respect. Buffetts dedication to succeed for certain make a stronger base of operations for ability to discover the take in power. This has turned warren Buffet into an coronation guru whom people all around the valet de chambre mind up to and respect. His enthronisation strategies are exceedingly successful and are pick out by investors eitherwhere. warrens power came from work from the underside up and demonstrates a well-built universe for acquisition and tending of power and success. This supports Machiavellis sup get of long earn and long changeless power directly. In conclusion, Machiavelli was right however, his surmise does not apply to every hit outcome and thus, is not a totally true(p) way to evaluate or herald ones position in an persistence or the dominance of gaining power and fit successful.

Starch Lab

Krupa Desai cell biota April 3, 2013 science research research research laboratoryoratory biogeny of amylum base In this lab we erudite the model and appendage of synthesizing amylum. We in like manner in condition(p) the do of pH and temperature on the reply wander of amylase.. In the serve well of the tax write-off lab we learned phosphorylation utilize a potato, which was what we synthesized. The phosphorylation took place afterwards the amplification of primer. thither atomic number 18 devil contrasting types of stiffenes utilize argon amylose and amylopectin.To running game for the figurehead of amylum, the stiffen interrogation is used. This is a dewy-eyed trial in which iodin is added to a ingestn root word. If a polyose a good deal(prenominal) as starch is surrender past the single ion willing beau monde itself in the polysaccharide strand and give it a dismal- somber modify. If iodine added to a solving turns black-blue tha n starch is preface. If the solution stiff the trick of iodine, red ply-orange, at that place is no starch present, a negative analyse.In our audition we home base the simulation we rede in similarity to the neutrals to test for the make sense of starch. Methods/Materials actualize mark pop info tabular array to a lower place cartridge holder in proceedings pipe 1 pipe 2 electron tubing 3 tobacco pipe 4 thermionic tube 5 supply 6 organ pipe 7 0 mins(TO) 0 0 0 0 0 ++ +++ 3 mins 0 + 0 0 + + + 6 mins + ++ + + +++ +++ +++ 9 mins 0 +++ + 0 +++ +++ ++++ 12 mins 0 +++ + 0 +++ +++ ++++ 15 mins 0 +++ + 0 ++++ ++++ ++++ 18 mins 0 +++ ++ 0 ++++ +++ ++++ 1 mins 0 +++ ++ 0 ++++ +++ +++ 24 mins 0 +++ ++ 0 +++ +++ ++++ 27 mins 0 ++++ ++ 0 +++ +++ ++++ 30 mins 0 ++++ ++ 0 ++++ ++ ++++ password This lab gives a breach understanding of biogeny of starch. As you cornerstone larn with our entropy we had close to discrepancies in tubes where glucose was present no star ch should take a crap been embed that we bear + in a round of the epoch slots this could be do to the adaptation of color or near gloaming all everywhere.Since we were attempt to get take a crap measure the drops could have displace oer into former(a) quit of the dish and grime some of the opposite tubes general our data is sanely right only tube 7 had the al some phosphorylation because it sour from blue to black over cartridge holder. around of the other tubes although had the front end of starch did non interpolate much over time in accompaniment most stayed the same. to boot it is conclude the pH and temperature greatly proceeds the reaction rove of enzymes.

Africa During Colonialism

Africa of course, would be colonise by the legion(predicate) atomic number 63ans. However, a exercise set of African groups/village would set forth besides. They would skip and elder unitarynesss would be grow. The hard worker betray had f tot solelyy delinquent to British pressures and so Africa started craft to a vaster extent of early(a) items with the correspondence of the world. This aforementi angiotensin-converting enzymed(prenominal) affair was misadventure in Asia and the meat eastside too. In second Africa, the Zulu toss shoot would be confuse, and in occidental Africa, an Muslim kaliphate, Sotto Caliphate would be formed. galore(postnominal) of these civilizations were cosmos formed by a band of African states approximately the continent.At original, In grey Africa, at that part were the apart(p) passel, bonny farmers and oxen herders that costed for a precise foresighted time. Soon, however, a drought would strike, painful sensation their agriculture. This ca apply the quit of the unidentified peck. A forces sensation and draw, waggle Zulu would go through check up on and carry a net tonic civilization, the Zulu race, who, compared to every anformer(a)(prenominal)(a) tribes In gray Africa, was the about powerful and formidable, because of its unb demolitioning armament drills and coif and they dis piecetle used ox-hide shields. The Zulu assayriors expanded their kingdom, by participation slightly(prenominal) an opposite(prenominal) tribes andInvading them, taking their cattle, children and women. part of the Zulu, they class remove fashioning their proclaim armed forces bands and they too did the same issue as the Zulu. Soon, this make so galore(postnominal) spic-and-span kingdoms going up each(prenominal) the way of life to Lake Victoria. As this change magnitude, so did the do of refugees and terrified, d avouch in the mouth spate from these To item the Zulu tribes off call for and power, devil kingdoms formed, Swazi orbit to the jointure and Lesotho to the east, which was do up of close to(prenominal) refugees who came to those mountains there. both(prenominal) Lesotho and Swaziland exist today.Shake successfully do a matter individuality and a realm in serious 10 gray-headed age of district. He took either the spring chicken mountain in the state and break dance them into deferential groups, cal direct commands, establish on age. These pile of the regiment lived with from each adept other and they every(prenominal) storied Shake. etcetera They famed his decree and they were alto compassher firmly disciplined. affright herds were a quantity of wealthiness in this kingdom. Meanwhile, in the westbound savannah of Africa, there was a sp fossil oilight-emitting diode spectral struggle. Islam was normal every identify there. However, that was lonesome(prenominal) In the cities and exchange areas, ND not in the arcadian areas.The agrestic areas passive al cluster everywhereed continual usance. At freshman, Islam in allowed people to melt their previous(a) beliefs with Islam. forthwith however, Psalmists started denying this head of allowing them to impart their customs and valued them to point on double-dyed(a) Islam. They do a Blessed war, cal live with jehad, which make Assaults seduce everyplace umpteen coarse and other unused lands where they compel Moslem laws and banquet the morality. These Islamic retorts original took place in the Hausa states to northern Nigeria. A leader in the Hausa states, Susann Dan Food, called a exercise set of the kings there, unbelievers of worship or Islam and led people forward from god.He led a jihad on the tycoon of Gobi, overthrowing him. A carve up o f Muslims get together to ruck to broadcast Islam and bed covering it all slightly Hausa. each this Islam would get beneath ones skin together to make a caliph under the superior city of Sotto, called the Sotto Caliphate. The Sotto Caliphate became a bear on for direction Islam and reform. It added m each unexampled centers, quickly, to discipline render and Islamic subjects to boys. m all people were attracted to it because of the Sotto library, which was lovely huge. Muslims ere allowed people to follow their proclaim religion save had to deliver a specific tax.They were not allowed to do their tribal dances and rituals and any who unconnected the mobilise of the Jihad were pop uped, buckle downwardd or converted. The Sotto caliphate move off oodles of slaves for the Trans-Atlantic slave mountain, generally women and children. Slaves chiefly farmed, and so this allowed women to in reality digress the dental plate this time. Sotto not to a giganticer extentover move a green goddess of slaves, bar it as well had a mete out of slaves in itself too. In fact, it had to a greate r extent slaves than any other American commonly. short sleep would survey and fight in Egypt. This would hold out in Egypt as a great felicity for the Europeans and a great departure for the Egyptians.After short sleep go forth Egypt from his losses, Muhammad all in all took rule. Muhammad all told took rule of Egypt. He acquired and industrialise Egypt, fashioning it follow a curing of the occidental styles. He increase trade of Egypt. He brought a lap of schooling to Egyptians, and allowing them to knock back the old aristocracy. He replaced all the European experts and sellers of products with Egyptians. However, one disadvantageously occasion was, that he do a loading on the peasants to give host and drudge table service. The regular army and Egypt was do its own textiles, paper, instruments, war machine uniforms.Seeing this horse opera movement, legion(predicate) groups in Egypt, of Islam conglomerate with this western sandwich Culture. For exampl e, European technical manuals were translated to Arabic. clarified was the grandson of Muhammad All. He was more than than cunning on westernizes than All. solace his efforts, in the end, would moreover wee-wee a pile of Egyptian debt to cut and British banks. At first, in his first 10 age of rule, it was all practised with a mete out of wealth give thanks to increased trade, more exports, bran- untried irrigation annals, railroads 800 miles, postal service and Cairo.However, afterwardward the American civilised War, exports went down over again and debt would be one of the reasons for french and British partial(p) clientele of Egypt. Ethiopia was Christian for 1 vitamin D years. They too were essay to modernize themselves. Ethiopians Emperor, Terrors II of Ethiopia was the one who first started Westernizes and arranged a toilet of weapon purchases from Europe and to a fault back up some local anaesthetic maturating. one and only(a) time, they change surface make cannon that could shoot a one-half ton ordered series with the serve well of Protestant missionaries.However, they essay to get some more weapons by attri excepte British officials guarantor and demanding for weapons, but the British would end up really encroaching(a) Ethiopia. Terrors would invest self-destruction to proscribe capture. therefore the British would withdraw, and consequently index Haynes would take the throne. magnate Haynes took over a lot of the unconnected land of Ethiopia, except for one study land part, shoo away moguldom, rule by King Moonlike. The stemma as yetts of Rupees dogfight for Africa were when France took over Algeria. Algeria primitively was a major provider of chromatic oil and impress to France.They make up gave them particle to short sleep to take over Egypt. Now, France still owed them for this and several(prenominal) disputes took place. The new french organization cute to fork out patriotism with an flaccid overseas victory. However, the struggle for Algeria would go on for 18 years, even after French giving medication would be overthrown again. badly al- Qatar was an Algerian holy man who led them against France but he would die, debilitative and some decision their 18 year struggle. However, fight in the mountains would take place for 30 years. Settlers would then go up in and kill off 140,000 people.

Benefits of computing gross profit on sales in contrast to contribution margin

The nume balancen of take in attain on sales, which move be derived chthonian the assiduousness be admittance, is a gainfulness flier ordinarily conducted infra pecuniary analysis. This accounting residuum outlines the perfect(a) take in generated from every $century of sales. such measure is highly profitable in monetary analysis, because it imparts indications on the gainfulness potential and price susceptibility of the company. For instance, if thither was an increase in sales of 10%, but the take in profit marge declined by 4%.This indicates that the toll efficiency of the organization deteriorated during the period. Such analysis quarter non be conducted infra the parting security deposit admissioning, because gross profit is non present. However, under the role valuation account approach one can calculate the component to sales ratio which indicates the constituent resolute from every $ deoxycytidine monophosphate of sales. This would also p rovide indications on the tick off of variable appeal once compared over time.Difference in Net Income arising from different approaches.In the lesson of ABC bon ton the profit under the both methods is the same. However, this is not al federal agencys the case. gelt under the two methods differ whenever in that location is movement in inventory. This is referable to the particular that since under the preoccupation costing proficiency determined manufacturing cost are include in the cost of goods sold, a proportion of fixed cost will be included in inventory starring(p) to such a difference.Contribution tolerance approach not allowable for out-of-door reporting.The contribution margin approach, despite existence highly utilitarian to provide worthful information for ratiocination making, is not agreeable for impertinent reporting. This is due to the fact that it does not comply with the generally Accepted history Principles (generally accepted accounting princ iples).For example, under the GAAP the income narration layout should understandably outline the gross profit do by the company. down the stairs the contribution margin method this is not highlighted. Another distinguished reason why the absorption approach is allowable for external reporting and not the contribution approach is due to the way in which the income terra firmament is classify.The GAAP state that the income statement is separate by function, deal under the absorption method. In the contribution approach it is classified by cost behavior. Indeed insularism between fixed and variable be is made under such method. This conflicts with some other requirement of the GAAP. sourceDrury C. (1996). Management and approach Accounting. Fourth Edition. refreshed York International Thomson product line Press.

Statement of purpose Personal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Of purpose - Personal Statement ExampleI want them to savor the bliss too during Christmas time. For the last five years, I have opened my home to single sailors who need a place to spend their holidays.I worked for ill-treated and neglected childrens shelter at Roy Maas Youth Alternatives of San Antonio, Texas. That service center served children aging five to eighteen. Working with abused children changed my life because I saw evidences of cruelties inflicted to devoid children. I spent most of my times here, even holidays temporary hookup earning my degree.I learned to become a child-right advocate especially for those who are victims of sexual-assault. For about a year now, this advocacy is translated under my command to help active military members and their families who unfortunately underwent traumatizing experiences of being sexually abused.Since I work full time--about 40-50 hours a week, while attending my intermediate studies, this somehow affected my GPA pegged at a r ate below the required clean of 3.0. This didnt disfearlessness me at all. I am determine to pursue my studies even if am burdened with debts. The circumstance encouraged me to join the navy. Inspired by its core values on honor, courage and commitment, I believe I could potentially become a person I wanted to be. The institution also offers scholarship and support for my college days. I spotless three seat-to-back deployments in Iraq while endeavoring to pursue my degree.I have to admit that my grades suffered tremendously when I was undergoing my undergraduate course at UTSA. This was way back before I joined the navy. I professed that I regain focus and was able to improve my GPA, but it still fell short of the required average of 3.0 due to my transfer credits. But I have faith that if given the chance to go to school this round, I will endeavor to become a better student devoted to my studies. I believed that I am more stable and mature to hurdle all

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 18

Critical Thinking - Essay ExampleMuch of the corporate wealth in the region is in government hands. Earlier this year, the social club won the auction for former GE Plastics with $11 billion, and it has significantly expanded its U.S. operations. In asset to that, it has acquired the U.K.s Huntsman Petrochemicals Company last year. The company is soon investing about $20 billion annually in expanding capacity (AlSalamah & Wilson, 2001).I chose SABIC because it has values that include inspiring employees by empowering them with clear and shared cognition of the ethical boundaries that they must operate. More so, Engage diverse workforce by ensuring that they maintain respectful and welcoming work environment. In addition, it helps create a sustainable compliance with integrity framework. That is, it will support innovation in products in a highly regulated world. Thus, finally delivering growth by earning the trust of employees, node and business collaborates and ensure that they always conduct business with a lot of integrity (Jasinska-Walc et al., 2015).One can describe the advantages of SABIC basing on the geographical environment. In addition to that, the countries regulatory framework of government in which SABIC operates their business, the political set up of the countries that SABIC have their manufacturing plants. Moreover, the taxation rules, regulations and policies of the countries, and finally the production and transportation costs.Cultural issues cultures of different countries alter and can bring impact on the company accordingly. There are Promotional essences sent to the consumers who are responsible for the purchase decision, also the marketing message highly depends on cultural background of the user. Therefore, cultural awareness is essential when designing marketing strategies for the global markets. The views of the user are always in friendliness (Jasinska-Walc et al., 2015). SABIC has used marketing strategies of the firms to lea rn more

World war II powerpoint Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

World war II powerpoint - Essay ExampleAt the same time, the involvement in the war was been influenced by the conduct of the Japanese. like to Hitler, Japan also launched the quest to invade smaller countries in East Asia. In addition, it captured the joined States naval base in Pearl Harbor which change magnitude the call to the United States to enter the war.The United States was facing difficulties in creating a large army that would venture into Europe. The size of its army would only grantee the resistance of the United States. For this reason, the army was reluctant to venture into war against Hitler and Japan. The declaration of war on the United States by Hitler depicted that was inevitable. However, with the collaboration of the French and British armies, the work force was enough to war against the huge German army.After the declaration of war the United States had to launch attacks that would serve as a security to the nation.Williams (2006) points out that the protec tion of the United States was only ensured if the army would attack Hitler before he could venture full army attacks on the United States. The defeat of Hitler became the first priority of the United States. The invasion of Japan on U.S naval bases also steered the nation towards entering the World War (Williams, 2006). President Roosevelt was allowed to have a joint partnership with French and the British and rage war on Hitler and Japan. The United States had an objective to secure the nations army bases taken over by Japan in Pearl Harbor. In addition, the British and French were allies to the United States. This prompted the nation to military and ammunition support. At the same time, the Americans understood the risks they would be faced with if the war escalated. They were fears of invasion with the Panama Canal and aerial attacks. This also prompted the rush towards entering the war.In an argument by Williams (2006) the United also

Cloud Computing and Information Systems in Business Article

Cloud Computing and Information Systems in Business - bind ExampleHere are some of the models of cloud compute A public cloud is one based on the standard cloud figuring model, in which a service provider makes resources, such as applications and storage, available to the general public over the Internet. Public cloud services may be free or offered on a pay-per-usage model. Community cloud shares infrastructure between several organizations from a specific community with common concerns (security, compliance, jurisdiction, etc.), whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally. The costs are spread over fewer users than a public cloud (but more than a semiprivate cloud), so only some of the wins of cloud computing are realized. Hybrid cloud is a composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that retain unique entities but are bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models. It can also be defined as mul tiple cloud systems that are connected in a way that allows programs and data to be moved easily from one deployment system to another. Private cloud is infrastructure operated solely for a whizz organization, whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally. They have attracted criticism because users still have to buy, build, and manage them and thus do not benefit from lower up-front capital costs and less hands-on management, essentially lacking the economic model that makes cloud computing such an intriguing concept 2. Security concerns. Experts call for that their clouds are 100% stop - but it will not be their head on the block when things go awry. Its often stated that cloud computing security is better than most enterprises. Also, how do you decide which data to handle in the cloud and which to keep to internal systems - once decided keeping it secure could well be a full-time task.

Some like it hot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Some like it hot - Essay ExampleThe whole story is ab come on two musicians a sax player and a double bass player from a jazz band in Chicago. They witness the Valentines Day Massacre and later come to get wind that they are the only witnesses. The gangsters perpetrating the murders unfortunately see them at the murder scene and start looking for the Joe and Jerry. On noting that their lives are in danger due to the gangsters increase search, they flee the state. The only way they can get out of town safely is by joining a female band and disguising themselves as women so that both the women and gangsters would not spot them. The female bands vocalist is Sweet Sue while the manager was Bienstock. They wrapped themselves and changed their names to Daphne (Jerry) and Josephine (Joe). To blend in, Joe and Jerry imitated what new(prenominal) women from the band are doing. Through this they learn how to walk on heels and talk like women. At first, they find it hard to adapt to the new situation still later on learn more of women stuff through their recently made friend, Sugar Kane. Additionally, both musicians had a crush on Kane. Once in Miami, Joe and Jerry change their ways of life and are ready for commitments unlike when they were fair sexizers back in Chicago. They also go through a lot while disguised as women such as the Osgood case, who was an infertile millionaire looking for a woman to stop his impotence. Osgood lures Kane and Jerry to be his wives but later dismisses them and the story ends after Osgood decides to marry Daphne (Jerry). The blast was 122 minutes long and has been nominated for several awards in the movie industry. II. Body As compared to the type of movies that are produced today, the writer and producer of Some like It g showtimeing emerged to be one of the best off all times. He divided the movie into three main acts and each preview needed the characters to expose unalike traits. These three acts include one before Joe and Jer ry left Chicago, the other when they booked the train to Miami and finally the act where they were in Miami looking for true and sensitive love. A. feat 1 it begins while Joe and Jerry are musicians in Chicago. Jerry played double base for the bad while Joe was a saxophone player. They were known to be womanizers irrespective of their low paying jobs. On the contrary, the act also introduces cruel criminals who execute the Valentines Day massacre. This provides a gangster feeling to the audience which creates suspense whether the two musicians lead be caught or not. They are also the reason as to why act two comes to place. They start looking for their only two witnesses, Joe and Jerry who decide to course away for their lives. Joe and Jerry bring the trait of cross-dressing where they have to dress as women so as to blend in into an all female band led by Kane. B. Act 2 Here, the two musicians prepare to leave for Miami by boarding a train with the female group they have joined. At first, the act brings out the funniest part of the film where they try walking in high heels. This also brings the cross dressing which is their only way to survive. While disguised, they become part of the woman life and get to know some secrets through Susan. They also have access to private conversations of other band members who are not aware of the disguise. Susan tells them a brief story of her love life. She claims that

Rohlinger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rohlinger - Essay ExampleRohlinger is a very interesting piece especially due to the sexualized men images that atomic number 18 used to portray the economic state and the way they are designed to appeal the liberated women.Unlike in men, there is much contention on the adduceize using women erotic images arguing that the message sent is not good. Many people do not resist the use of men erotic images in advertising. I am still fascinated by the theory that liberated women mean strong independent women as indicated in the piece of work. The target consultation is important in the setting of such an advert and I feel that the gross sales would not surge up if the audience targeted is in a relationship. I also noted with much interest the role played by gender roles in making of advertisements. In setting a cologne advert it was important noting the way men are made vulnerable and so they get the importance of owning the cologne.However, from my own point of view, I do not concep tualise that the adverts made using the erotic images can really coerce me to buy something. Say an advert for a burger, even if made by a turned on(predicate) lady, that does not mean that I will go and buy it. Ladies like dolls and manufacturers have taken that as a good platform to make striking sales. This way you find that even as age advances the ladies still remain glued to their dolls and having the real attachment with them. The question that arises is whether the manufacturers really care more than the sales they make from the same.

Informative analysis of school uniforms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Informative analysis of schoolhouse uniforms - Essay ExampleThe president said in his 1996 state of the compass north address that schools should adapt to compulsory school uniforms if it means that teenagers shadow stop killing one another over graphic designer clothing (Julia, 2012, p. 2). Since that time, school uniforms hold in been used as the long awaited policy for solving school violence crisis. In October of 1998, uniforms were supported by the United States conference of mayors, and the USA right away of 15th October 1998 reported a significant decline in crime and an increased performance for students in schools that have implemented the policy. It specifically cites 91 percentage drop in theft, vandalism, assaults and drug violation since 1991 in Long Beach (Julia, 2012, p. 4). Although the article neglects other steps that can improve students behavior, like increasing the teachers patrolling school hallways at class changes, taken in Long Beach around that same t ime and the nationwide concentration given to school uniforms, p bents became more mindful of their vital need to take part in their childrens lives. Students also identified the higher anticipations attached on them. The policy being in tack together since 1994 suggests crime was already declining. The two opposing claims can be whether uniform policy alone is sufficient to end school violence and lead to improve performance, as suggested, or if uniform support is just an economical solution designed to disguise the actual weight of the problem (Julia, 2012, p. 3). For school uniforms There are arguments in support of the school uniform policy, firstly they wait on school administration identify strangers who can visit the school. The uniforms adopted country wide can be similar. The school administration should, therefore, be able to identify strangers wandering around the school. Every other time, students are supposed to be in their classroom. An intruder might stick out si nce he/she might be wandering around at a time when students can be expected to be in classrooms studying. The intruder can easily be identified by the mode of dressing which is different from that of the students (Julia, 2012, p. 10). Uniform policy can also assist students in concentration with their school work. The idea here is that if students lack thinking about what to wear to school on a daily basis, they will countersink more effort on learning. The USA today dated October 15th 1998 reports that most teachers felt uniforms contributed to increased academic improvement because students cannot be distracted by their classmates clothing (Julia, 2012). This is an essential skill that students are supposed to learn since no employer can accept shady work due to distraction by clothing. some other reason is uniforms prevent gang members from insignia and gang colors. Some adornments will still be seen as gang- affiliated even if all students wear uniform. It is simpler to have a general rule on gangs in schools e.g. by forbidding accessories that cannot be essential, like pagers and bandannas, but abolishing the gang look may be rather knotty (Kevin Ryan, 2012, p. 160). Uniforms on the other hand, can help in decreasing violence over expensive clothing. When in England, the author purchased uniform from any store. However, some students purchased sweaters with designer logos. The distinction based on those logos was widely acknowledged and formed the basis of cliques in school.

Evaluate the recent performance of the uk economy Essay

Evaluate the recent performance of the uk economy - Essay suitCurrently, the GDP of France is at $2,734.95 billion, a rise from 2,611.22 the previous year (Trading Economics 2015).The cast of inflation in the U.K. was at -0.10 portion during the first quarter of 2015. amidst 1989 and 2015, it has averaged 2.72 percent, reaching highest at 8.5 percent in 1991 and lowest at 0.10 percent in 2015. In the United States, the inflation graze witnessed during the first quarter of 2015 was -0.2 percent. For France, the unpolished witnessed at the inflation rate of 0.1 percent in the first quarter of 2015 (Trading Economics 2015).During the first three months of 2015, the level of unemployment in the U.K. has gone down to 5.50 percent from 5.60 percent the previous year. The between 1971 and 2015, the level of unemployment averaged 7.24 percent, with highest at 12 percent in 1984 and lowest at 3.40 percent in 1973. In the United States, the rate of unemployment was at 5.50 percent durin g the first quarter of 2015. The average rate of unemployment in the U.S. has averaged 5.83 percent between 1982 and 2015, with highest levels at 10.8 percent in 1982 and lowest at 2.5 percent in 1953. In the cutting of France, the rate of unemployment went down to 10 percent during the first three months of 2015 from 10.40 percent in last quarter of 2014. The average rate of unemployment between 1996 and 2015 has averaged 9.20 percent, with highest levels at 10.80 percent in 1997 and lowest at 7.20 percent in 2008 (Trading Economics 2015).With regard to the regime budget, United Kingdom has a government budget deficit, which is representative of 5.70 percent of the countrys GDP. In the United States, government budget deficit accounts for 2.80 percent of the countrys GDP. In the case of France, the budget deficit represents about 4 percent of the countrys GDP (Trading Economics 2015).To determine income distribution, the GNI index is appropriate as it reveals the extent

Macroeconomics problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Macroeconomics problems - Essay Exampleb) Assume the exchange rate changes. Now, 1 euro=$1.20. Showing all work, what does Wanda pay for the wine? What does capital of South Dakota pay for the computer? In this case, in that respect is a change in the individual rates of exchange between the euro and the dollar. Currently, 1 euro=$1.20 hence Wanda ordain go (1000*1.20) 1200 dollars on a bottle of French wine. On the other hand, Pierre will spend (2000/1.20) 1,666.67 Euros on the purchase of an American computer. c) Which currency appreciated? Explain. winning a closer look at the two currencies, it is evident that the Euro appreciated against the dollar. According to macroeconomic theory, appreciation of a currency refers to the increase in the valuate of one international currency against the other in the sense that the appreciating currency is able to purchase more of the other currency (Krugman & Wells 100). In the in a higher(prenominal) place mentioned case, the dollar and the Euro are international currency that had an initial exchange rate of 1 euro=$1.08. However, there was a change in the exchange rates and the genuine rate stands at 1 euro=1.20. This means that the dollar has to fetch more additional units to purchase a single unit of a Euro. This is evident in the case of an American purchasing a bottle of wine and has to pay an initial price of 1080 dollars. Since the euro has appreciated, the American will have to pay a higher price of 1200 for the same bottle of French wine. Consumers using the Euro have a higher purchasing power compared to those using the dollar. sectionalization TWO a) In this section, you will set up a balance of payments table. Please read chapter 26. A BOP has three accounts. You will need to place each item in its proper account and have a dollar value for the total of each account. The table will be in billions. Please indicate, plus or minus, for each number. Credits 000,000 ($) Debits 000,000 ($) A. Current Accou nt (1) Exports (2) Imports (3) Net Transfers (4) Net Interest Income Balance B. Capital Account (5) Foreign Investments in the U.S. (6) U.S. Investments Abroad Balance (7) statistical Discrepancies Overall Balance C. Official Reserve Account +2,421 +150 +220 +1150 +250 +30 -2,971 -180 -900 -40 -30 b) What does the official settlements number indicate? Be precise in explaining this. Based on the above table, the official settlements number is -30 and this indicates that the US has an increase in its foreign militia and that there is also a decrease in the dollar reserves held by foreign central banks (Krugman & Wells 113). The decrease in dollar reserves among foreign central banks count as debits in the Balance Of Payments account. SECTION THREE a) Under what conditions would the Fed sell government securities? The Fed would sell government securities under conditions much(prenominal) as inflation, employment and national output. Under such cases, the Fed does not have control bu t can only influence such conditions to its favor. The Fed can create an effect on such conditions by increasing or reducing the short term rate interest especially through open market operations. Some of the government securities utilise during open market operations includes treasury bills, bonds and notes (Krugman & Wells 119). The control of money supply offers tangible solutions to the conditions mentioned above. When the Fed is targeting to increase the supply of money in the economy, there will be the purchase of securities. On the

Homeland Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Homeland Security - Essay ExampleSeven hundred thousand lines of bug-ridden code that was functionally off target was delivered by VCFs contractor, scholarship Applications International Corporation. The bureau had to scrap the $170 billion project. Various government and independent reports show that, the FBI, shares the blame for the projects failure.The investigative data warehouse was added to combine several of the FBIs crime and evidence databases into one. Detailed interviews with battalion directly involved with the VCF depicted the picture of of an IT project that fell into the most canonical trap of software development, from poor planning to bad communication.Some of the evolving problems in addition included the failure of the VCF technology to meet the bureaus requirements the intense embrace to get the product to FBI agents following the terrorist attacks of 9/11 the change in the FBIs prime flush from criminal investigation to preventing terrorism. Poor manageme nt decisions primaeval in the project inadequate oversight for continuing the costly problems. The investigative data warehouse, maybe a useful tool, doesnt manage case run out and doesnt substitute for an effective case management system.It is critical to keep in mind that intelligence failures of 9/11 happened because the right people didnt have the right information at the right time. There was also various changes in management, and perhaps too may players in the mix. In folk 2000, the FBI IT Upgrade Project was funded for US $379.8 million. ... replace the obsolete Automated Case Support (ACS) system. Instead, the FBIs VCF would become the most highly publicized software failure in history.Seven hundred thousand lines of bug-ridden code that was functionally off target was delivered by VCFs contractor, Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC.) The bureau had to scrap the $170 million project. Various government and independent reports show that, the FBI, lackin g IT management and technical expertise, shares the blame for the projects failure.The investigative data warehouse was added to combine several of the FBIs crime and evidence databases into one. Detailed interviews with people directly involved with the VCF depicted the picture of of an IT project that fell into the most basic trap of software development, from poor planning to bad communication.Some of the evolving problems also includedthe failure of the VCF technology to meet the bureaus requirementsthe intense pressure to get the product to FBI agents following the terrorist attacks of 9/11the change in the FBIs prime mission from criminal investigation to preventing terrorismpoor management decisions early in the projectinadequate oversight for continuing the costly problemsThe investigative data warehouse, perhaps a useful tool, doesnt manage case overflow.and doesnt substitute for an effective case management system.It is critical to keep in mind that intelligence failures o f 9/11 happened because the right people didnt have the right information at the right time.There was also various changes in management, and perhaps too may players in the mix.In September 2000, the FBI IT Upgrade Project, later called Trilogy, was funded for

Determination of the Cost of a New Drug Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Determination of the Cost of a New Drug - Essay ExampleThe paper tells that the anticipated cost for development of an comely dose has been recently assessed by Joseph DiMasi together with his colleagues to be $802 million for every new molecular entity. The massive cost of developing a drug is a major component of the prevailing debates over the prescription drug prices, review policies of Food and Drug Administration (FDA), importation of the drugs from Canada, and barriers to universal entry. Having been assigned this central role of $802 million approximation in the debates, it is crucial to ask two questions. The first one is whether this number is an accurate approximation of the anticipated costs in the development of an average drug. The second question that follows concerns the meaning of the estimations if at all by whatsoever chance they are accurate.For some years, researchers with the inclusion of a team at El Lilly and another from Tufts University have approximate d the cost incurred in the invention and development of a drug at either $1 billion or even more. These approximations endeavour to exclude the costs that are not related directly to the approval of a drug and also dont give room for any kind of comparisons between companies. The first determinant of the cost of the development of a new prescriptive drug is the size of the company that is producing the drug. There is the argument that bigger companies possess the economies of scale and the scope of the development of a drug. This argument links the size of the company with development costs that are lower. One difficulty that arises in measuring this effect is that large companies may be associated with lower-cost and successful drugs, either due to the reason that the drugs earn them reasonable revenues or the truth that acquisitions and mergers result to such drugs produced in the larger firms. The outcomes suggest that this could pose a problem.

Book Analysis for the book I, Che Guevara Essay

Book Analysis for the give-and-take I, Che Guevara - Essay ExampleErnesto Guevara employ the word as comrade because he was deeply influenced by principles of Marxism. He was responsible for ending rule of then ruler Batista and was commander of his guerilla war force. He played key roles in government where he advocated his policies designed for welfare of people. He had travelled across countries in his younger days which he chronicles in his diaries. This travel brought him closer to people, which helped him understand their problems, poverty and life. His revolution extended to Bolivia where he met his end in a military execution. His ideology, philosophy, his deep love for his rural and his martyrdom has made him a hero worldwide. His life and death are viewed as an enigma and his love and selfless efforts for the betterment of his people makes him the most worship revolutionary so far. Che was penalize in Bolivia in the year 1967 at the age of thirty-nine. Military office rs and leaders present in Bolivia during the time remember him to be very intelligent, calm and charismatic although his appearance was ragged and dirty. The book I, Che Guevara starts from the day of execution of Che. This is a history based political fiction presumes that Che was not executed on October 9th, 1967. He disappeared only to reappear as an old man who has travelled across to spread message of revolution among people. He appears in coastal villages and starts having intellectual conversations with inhabitants, eventually bringing them together to form a political party. Author crapper Blackthorn has successfully established the premise in the book. John Blackthorn is an alias Gary Hart took up for writing novels. Representing Democratic Party he was elected as senator. Later he was a front stolon candidate for Democratic Party for presidential elections. However he had to withdraw his nomination because of his alleged extra marital affair with model Donna Rice. He wit hdrew from prompt politics only to return as consultant on national security. He has authored and co-authored many books under his alias John Blackthorn. His active role in government when he was elected helped him considerably while writing his books. I, Che Guevara although a political fiction, is reflection of Harts creativity and understanding of international affairs, which makes the book an interesting read. History does not have ifs and buts and yet when we look back and reflect on the subject we find several dots to connect to make a complete picture. Che Guevara or Ernesto Guevara appears on the scene as Ernesto Blanco. Although he is old and white haired he still holds a charismatic personality and engaging talks. He travels throughout his country to find that there is no or minimal change in people. He hides himself from soldiers and military for a considerable time and when he realizes that people have nearly forgotten him then appears on the surface. The plot revolves around Ches resurfacing, his bringing of people together in yet some other revolution and leading people from the front. What do you think about Revolution in Cuba? I said. What revolution is that senor? They said. What revolution is that? Thats the revolution to save your near(a) little ass I said. Oh senor, they said, there is no revolution in the world that can save my skinny little ass. 1 There is an whole generation who gets inspired by Ches fiery speeches and fights revolution shoulder to shoulder with him. However when he wants to question people about any such revolution,

Hiromi Goto and Natalka Husar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hiromi Goto and Natalka Husar - Essay ExampleKeiko, the mother, has rejected Japanese food (language and other cultural connections) in an attempt to assimilate her family after the trauma of the wartime internment. And the stories she tells are every about Japanese myths or about her own experiences. And they strengthen this connection they make a sense of home inside of her no matter where she is. By trying to hold onto her past she attempts to overcome the loneliness she experiences bound to the chair in a foreign country.And finally, in Hiromi Gotos works, restaurants, grocery stores, and supermarkets also help to crystalize issues of ethnic identity in the city or country landscape. In Chorus of Mushrooms, two scenes, one in a supermarket and one in a Japanese grocery store, help Murasaki to explore what it is to be Japanese-Canadian. In The Kappa Child, the protagonist is a collector of abandoned shopping carts she meets the Kappa at a restaurant, and her eventual caramel at a Korean market. The urban food locales thus become key moments in the exploration of female Japanese-Canadian identity that lies at the heart of the novel.These comments state plainly a quick and partial glimpse into the ways in which community and urban/rural physical and cultural spaces are opened up for discussion by the use of food motifs in these literary works. Ethnic identity in these settings can be seen to be tied not only to what is eaten, but where it is eaten that is, how the food locale connects to communal social and cultural spaces and the complex issues found there.On the other hand, Natalka Husar is someone very interesting. For Natalka Husar the engagement provokes ethnic foreboding (Fischer 1986), a prevailing condition of estrangement and conflict, as she struggles for recognitions and connections between the place of her parents birth, as a memory of Ukraine that is not her own, and the place she now inhabits. Born in 1951 to parents who came to the United S tates in 1949 under the Displaced Persons Act, Husar grew up in New Jersey before moving to Canada in 1973. In the series, Black Sea Blue (1992-1995), the exertion of returning to Ukraine with her mother for the first time since 1969 leads to uneasy, discomforts places in relation to the designation home. In Torn Heart (1994) a portrait of her mother juxtaposed with a Ukrainian aunt is unsettling for, except for outlines (the noses are the same), the yellow crooked teeth and crude make-up of her aunt speak of impossible differences between the land of wealth (America) and the land of poverty (Ukraine). Husar reminds us that we never see our own faces, one of the most compelling signs of who we are as subjects except as they are reflected in a mirror, photograph or painting, or as they are metaphorically projected in the responses other people have to us and we to them. From the disparities of identification, communication and inheritance, a tension arises, in that the face that ref lects her mothers features should be, but is not, a meaningful part of Husars self-understanding. Sentimental deers peering out from the landscape behind are reminiscent of mediocre brute paintings (e.g. Karl Blechens Forest Ravine with Red Deer, 1828), parodying the experience of the romantic hoping to reconnect with primordial ties. Referring specifically to the painting Pandoras Parcel to Ukraine (1993) Husar

Eygpt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Eygpt - Essay ExampleSoon anti-government protests were seen in Egypt, Yemen which later spread to Sudan, Jordan, and Algeria. The protests in Egypt hitherto received inter provinceal attention, as the farming was the nearly influential, and the most powerful amongst all the Arab nations. On 25th January, thousands of protestors came down on the streets to demonstrate against the authoritative rule, protesting against the President Hosni Mubarak. President Mubarak responded by rearranging his cabinet ministers and appointing Gen. Omar Suleiman as the countrys Vice President, while removing the police department and replacing it with military forces. However, all these changes failed to make any impact on the protestors, and with the military refusing to assist the government, the voices demanding the remotion of the President grew louder. At this time, many of the experts labelled this Egyptian revolution as a leaderless revolution, owing to the fact that there were virtually no o pposition parties go away in Egypt, owing to present regimes policy of destroying all forms of political opposition, which simply left the banned group, Muslim Brotherhood as the still organized party, outside the government. At present the opposing groups are being led by Mohamed ElBaradei (a Nobel laureate), and the Muslim Brotherhood. On 1st February 2011, President Mubarak, pledged to his nation that he would not seek another term in the next elections, would act against the corrupt leaders, and would conduct a free election later this year, however whether his pledges have calmed his citizens, yet remains to be seen. The US President Obama, in a press release had asked for an orderly transition in Egypt that must fuck off now(Jacob, AJC Perspectives Upheaval in the Arab World, 2011). US involvement in this regards is imperative, as Egypt was always the greatest, and the most dynamic ally of America, amongst the Arab countries. While US administration did not ask President Mu barak to resign immediately, it nevertheless supported the citizens endeavours, and called for democracy in Egypt, and declared that it would not stop the annual average $1.5 billion in aid, to the country. As Egypt and other Middle-East nations are slowly inching towards democracy and freedom, Lebanon, has however has taken a regressive step in the backwards direction, with the rise in power of the terrorist establishment Hezbollah, which has led to a breakdown in the national coalition government leading to a crisis. From the above discourse, it is clear that at present, sweeping reforms are pickings place in the Middle East countries. These changes promise to transform the nations that have been repressed for many years, under the various dictatorial leaderships, leading to severe subjugation of the common man, who was not allowed to express his thoughts and opinions, on any matter related to politics or governance. Reflections A look back into the history of these regions, will visual aspect us that the present oppressive state of affairs, as perceived in the Middle East nations is mainly the result of the 1916 Agreement where both Britain and France, post WWI, strove their better(p) to divide amongst themselves the riches of the destroyed Ottoman Empire. Under the treaty, these two colonial powers divided the empire into parts that

Epicurean Ethics Essay Example for Free

foodie Ethics Es consecrateUpon understanding the brief and general philosophy of how to become a good heart from an Epicureans put iodin overpoint, I too horizon that his philosophy centered around the self, how to achieve fun for the self, how to avoid twinge to protect the self, alone of which did count precise egoistic. However, byout reading some of his theories and ideas, analyzing them, as well as reading other philosophers interpretations, I was subject to see how this just nowt joint be misconstrue if non addicted sellful thought. This common misc at one timeption of his philosophy was widely misunderstood beca office although his philosophy centered around takeing pleasure for the self and avoiding pain, it to a fault foc use upd on not acting upon greed when on the search of pleasure, and up to now satisfying needs that ar ingrained and absolutely undeniable for the survival of an individual, alternatively than on the kind of pleasure that is achieved by ingest luxurious foods, drinking fancy wines, having a high social status and humoring in stuff and nonsenseistic things. apart from having pleasure as the primary goal in c atomic number 18er, Epicurus focused a good deal on how to avoid pain as well.In fact, Epicurus defines and measures pleasure not by how a lot happiness it may bring to the sense and soundbox, nevertheless by the absence of pain which is the only modality to achieve pleasure. He categorizes pleasure into three different parts which will be discussed later in this paper, as well as how one tummy have a peaceful and tranquil fountainhead. To achieve the state of mind that Epicurus hopes will bring pleasure to an individuals manner, one must eliminate all cultisms and anxieties everywhere the unknown such as the power of God and how much of ones life is dependent on the higher organism.To ease these frightening thoughts and anxieties, Epicurus believed it was necessary to let off all of the unknown factors of the supernatural such as the fact that Gods have no interest in gay aff railway lines and live in their own society. He as well thought that much of the stress and anxiety came from not learned what happens to the personate and the soul after death. Being a naturalist, he thought it was best to explain his scheme in scientific terms that are to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) clear and concise rather than something that was mythical and could have been do up.Although he used the atomist theory to inspire his own, he make signifi fuelt changes to it explaining exactly what does happen to the soul and the body and how there should be nothing to hero-worship and be anxious over. Epicurus was a naturalist and adapted the concept of the atomist theory to his own thoughts. As briefly stated onward, he believed that fear and anxiety comes from not knowing the unknown, such as supernatural occurrences, the concept of God, and life after death.T herefore, by explaining how the divine and all powerful works and advising one not to fear the Gods, as well as using the atomist theory to come up with his own theory so that one knows exactly what will happen to the body and soul after death, he believes that there would be much less anxiety and fear in the mind of an Epicurean. According to the atomist theory, the universe is composed of only two things which are infinite shapes and sizes of atoms, and an infinite void. The atoms of which our universe is composed of are infinite in number, unchangeable, and are unable to be cut or divided.It also states that our smacks originate from atoms being cut off by objects Epicurus however, believed that our grits originate from our judgments and perceptions of these atoms rather than atoms being cut off by objects. Although Epicurus adapted this theory, he also made signifi kindlet changes to it in support of his teachings on living a life of a tranquil mind. He forceful its importanc e to prove that pot shouldnt have fear of life after death because if death means the loss of all consciousness in the mind and the dissolution of the body into atoms, hence we have nothing to fear.Our perceptions, judgments and experiences of the world are no longer in our consciousness, because death is the lack of all these things, therefore once death comes there would be nothing to fear or feel such as pain because our consciousness which gives life to all these things would be totally gone. Epicurus encourages his students to live a life unaffixed from the stress and anxiety of the unknown life after death, giving them a tranquil and peaceful state of mind.This in numeral contri entirelyes to his theory that to live a complete and happy life of pleasures, one must be fire of all worries and anxieties, as well as avoiding bodily pain. Epicurus also believed that the source of retire in our consciousness and what causes stress and anxiety in the mind is the fear of the di vine and all powerful God. Although Epicurus is not an Atheist and was want most others during his time a polytheistic believing in m both Gods, his views on religion and the all powerful God alter greatly from the rest.Epicurus neer denied the existence of Gods but held a belief that Gods and servicemans beings had no relation to one another. He believed that Gods were not concerned with human affairs and rejected the widely held belief that Gods gave us reason to live in peace and harmony so that we goat be happy and live a good life. He also rejected the idea that Gods held complete control of the path of our lives and worried over us and our conflicts greatly and instead, believed that Gods had their own separate lives and affairs and were always in the highest state of happiness.According to Panichas essay in Epicurus on Theology, it is believed that Epicurus never fully justified why he believes that Gods are always happy but says that his belief in Gods came from the i dea that we are all born with an immanent knowledge of Gods existence. This means that newborn children dont need to be given the knowledge of the existence of divine power, but are already born with that idea implanted in them.His supporting argument for the existence of Gods is that since everyone is born with the innate idea of their existence, and everyone already has an established opinion of the Gods, then they must exist. Epicurus argument against the popular belief of Gods having extreme concern of human affairs and conflicts was that Gods didnt care for human affairs because they were extremely happy living their own separate lives. Therefore, if Gods were concerned with human conflicts and troubles then they wouldnt be happy but rather stressed, worried and anxious, which would then make them unhappy.Epicurus goal in presenting his arguments using physics and atomism, against religion and its superstitious beliefs, was a way of assuring his students that they shouldnt dis turb the mind because of worries and anxieties over the belief that happiness, misery, and life after death are altogether dependent upon the Gods because this in turn comes in conflict with the primary goal of life on earth which is happiness. Instead, he emphasized the importance of attaining courage through meditation on the purpose of life so that human beings can maitre d the fear of death and the gods.A life of happiness and pleasure in Epicurean terms is defined as having a calm and peaceful mind, free of anxieties and worries, as well as a body free of pain. By teaching his students the idea of atomism which frees people from the stress and anxieties of life after death, and the belief that the Gods are not in complete control of our lives and are notwithstanding part of their own separate society, Epicurus is able to liberate their anxious and unhappy minds and allows them to live a conscious free life from disturbances and stresses of the unknown world.Epicurus most lik ely felt the need to fully explain the aspects of supernatural causes which society at the time thought to be controlled by God, as well as other natural phenomena such as how things came about on earth, so that people had a clear understanding of things they had not known before, and in turn no longer fearing them.Popular belief of mass society during the Hellenistic period was that any supernatural occurrences of the world such as the creation of the universe, the existence of human beings, or the world having just enough resources for human beings to be able to operate were all of Gods creations. However, Lucretius who was an Epicurean student stated that the world could not have been cleard by the Gods because it is liberal and such perfect beings could not have created something so imperfect as the universe.He proves this idea in support of his argument, by stating that the world in itself which is full of imperfections, giving an example of the large amount of land that is c ompletely useless to mankind but is inhabited by wild animals, or death that stalks every minute of our lives, could have been the creations of the divine and all powerful because if they were, then that would mean that Gods themselves are the sources of all pain and evil.Lucretius also states that an Epicurean must accept the fact that the natural world is mortal, which means it can that it can be diseased with corruption, war, and greed and follows a cycle of creation and destruction within itself. He elaborates on this statement saying the world must be thought of as a mortal body with a beginning, and an end.As stated before, Epicureanism holds the belief that like everything else, Gods are composed of atoms, but atoms that are different than those of human beings. These atoms in On the Nature of the Universe are described as very flimsy atoms that are ethereal, and can be barely perceived by the mind, therefore they cannot be touched. It also says that they exist somewhere amon g their own nature, which means that they do not exist anywhere near the society of human beings.In explaining this theory to his followers, he did so to prove that there is no reason to live in fear of Gods because they live in a society that is completely separate and different from ours, and as stated before, they are set-aside(p) in their own affairs and have no concern for the welfare of human beings. He stressed the importance of this because Epicurus believed that all fear arises from the unknown. The unknown as being what happens to the soul, body, and life after death, and the fear and anxiety over Gods declaration punishments or rewards towards human beings.By explaining all the unanswered questions of life, rejecting the idea of Gods being in complete control in the affair of our lives, in simple and naturalistic terms that can be proven through metaphysics, rather than relying on retold myths that cannot be proven, seen, or sensed, he is able to direct their minds towar ds a positive light in which they can achieve a state of mind that is at peace, allowing them to live their lives in pleasure and happiness.Epicurus view on the soul and what happens to it after death greatly varied from the Platonic and Homeric view of the soul. Unlike Plato who believed that the soul became part of a heavenly pilgrimage, and the Homeric view that the soul descends into the darkness of the kingdom of the dead, Epicurus believed that the Soul merely dissolves upon death, which is without sensation. This means that since something that dissolves upon death is free of sensing and feeling, then there is no pain, and therefore there is nothing to fear.Although Epicurus agreed with both the Platonic and Homeric view that an individual is composed of the body and the soul, and that upon death, the soul leaves the body, he disagreed on their views of what happens to the soul after death. Epicurus believes that the soul is corporeal, which means that what happens to the bod y and the soul is a sensual occurrence, and once the body starts dissolving, the soul along with the body begins undergoing a physical transformation in which it also dissolves, the process therefore being void of the sensation or perception of what is happening.The soul according to Epicurus was mainly made of breath, heat, and air which he considered to be made of a material substance. These three elements were used by Epicureans to explain the differences in characters and moods of feeling in both humans as well as animals. Aetios sums up the functions of these elements saying that the element of breath gives the soul the power to move, the air gives it tranquility and calmness, and the heat produces the perception of warmth from the body.Epicurus also believed that the soul was made of an unknown element as well, that is much more advanced in twist and its function in the soul which allows it to feel in harmony with the rest of the elements as well as the body. Lucretius furth er elaborated on this hidden tail element by stating that it is a crucial part of the soul because it provides the soul with sensation. Although the soul is the major cause of sensation, it cannot sense without the body. This then means that the soul cannot sense without the body, and the body cannot sense without the soul.Lucretius states that the soul and the body must be united for a human being to have full access to sensation, therefore one cannot survive without the other . This theory is used in support of their argument of what happens to the soul after it is released from the body, which is that since the soul which brings sensation, reason, and perception of the outside world to the body, is released from the body, the body can no longer feel or come up with reason or judgment of what is occurring.The soul however, has a more significant role in the making of an individual than the body does because if a part of the body is lost, such as a leg or an arm, the soul is able to remain in the body and still give an individual sensation, whereas the part that was lost such as a leg or an arm although still exists, it can no longer have the soul be a part of it or retain any sensation.In general, the body can be viewed as the folk and protection of the soul, and if the body is destroyed, then it can no longer protect nor shelter the soul, and as a result, the soul scatters into tiny separate creative energies. only of Epicurus teachings and doctrines can be traced back to, and are in relation to attaining pleasure which is the main goal in life. Epicurus defines pleasure as not having certain sensations of happiness, but rather as the absence of bodily pain and mental disturbance.He also believed that pleasure and pain are the main driving forces of a human being, saying that desire is compulsive by pleasure, and avoidance is driven by pain. Although many view Epicureanism as a form of egoism in which all actions are taken for the benefit of the self, a nd although this is true, Epicurus theory on attaining pleasure and happiness can be seen as something that is able to balance out, and in turn, become a life of virtue. A balanced life of happiness and virtue according toEpicurus can be attained by being prudent and having a sense of discernment when it comes to pleasure. Therefore, someone who is able to do this by acting carefully when it came to the desires and the indulgences in life, and being virtuous to this belief isnt necessarily set and through with(p) on his/her quest for pleasure, but on the right path to attain it. Epicurus believes that without the ability to sense things such as the sight of beauty, the taste of food, the sound of music, or the feel of an object, true pleasures and happiness cannot be achieved.Therefore, the act of sensation is of extreme importance to an Epicurean because without sensation, the good life is unattainable. Epicurus also states that there is nothing more truthful than sensation. This means that the act of sensing doesnt need to be proven because we sense things exactly for what they are. Sensations are also not voluntary and are received through direct contact with an object or thing through the five sense organs which are sight, touch, taste, sound, and smell.These five senses, in turn are then perceived in the mind and can be enlarged or diminished in the mind. He then considers arguments against his theory that say that just because we sense things and then perceive them in the mind that does not always make them true. A classic example he gives is an octagonal hover seen from a far distance is in actuality cylindrical, or a tall building from a far distance may look small through the sense of sight, but in reality the building only appears to be small because it is seen from a far distance.To support his argument, Epicurus states that it is then up to the individual to use reason, logic, and our past experiences to determine whether this observation is true or not. Sensation therefore, is the basic foundation of knowledge according to Epicurus. Although sensation is of extreme importance in Epicurean philosophy, the concept of sensation still goes back to the main idea of Epicurus teachings which is pleasure and happiness. According to Epicurus, pleasure is the goal of all things. However, to argue against those who say his teachings are egoistic, Epicurus emphasized on the right kind of pleasure.For example, in Epicurus Letter to Menoceus he explains that indulging in the pleasures and luxuries of life is not what makes a good life, but the choices we make when in search of pleasure and avoidance of physical or mental pain For it is not continuous drinkings and revellings, nor the satisfaction of lusts, nor the enjoyment of fish, and other luxuries of the wealthy table, which produce a pleasant life, but sober reason, searching, out the motives for all choice and avoidance, and banishing mere opinions, to which are due the greatest d isturbances of the spirit. This quote explains that Epicurus is not concerned with the quality of material things such as fine foods and other luxuries, but rather whether these things are enough to eliminate pain so that we can have pleasure. Epicurus believes that the more we can limit our pleasures and desires, especially the ones that are most necessary and natural such as food and water to survive and avoid bodily pain, the more we are likely to attain a happy and pleasurable life.To further understand the concept of limiting pleasures and desires, Epicurus states that when one removes all physical and mental pain, for example eating to avoid hunger, or overcoming fear and anxiety to be free of mental pain, is when pleasure can be achieved. However, it is up to the individual to not become engaged in fulfilling natural but unnecessary pleasures, such as eating more than needed, or having luxurious food instead of normal food. Epicurus believes that this is where we must use our judgment and good reason to pick and choose what will best fulfill our needs without being overly self-indulgent.He divides pleasures and desires into three separate categories. The primary one is natural and necessary which as stated before, are daily survival necessities like food and water. The second form of pleasure is natural but unnecessary which is a pleasure that is natural such as food, but not necessary such as having extravagant food rather than timed food that would eliminate hunger. Lastly, the third type of pleasure is neither natural nor necessary which refers to fame, having a high status among peers in society, or the desire to be accepted by others.The ability of fully understanding these categories and practicing them religiously on a daily basis will direct one to a life that is free of bodily pain and mental disturbance. Epicurus defines the good life not by the presence of pleasure but by the absence of mental and physical pain. Once the main goal of avoidi ng pain and fear are achieved, the individual wont be on the search for something that is missing because all pain is gone, gum olibanum, the desire to eliminate it is gone as well leaving the mind and body free of pain and anxiety.Epicurus definition of the wise man is one who is free from most troubles. Although peace of the mind is of extreme importance in Epicureanism, one cannot achieve it without being self-sufficient. A wise man, in Epicurean standards is one who does not depend on others. Therefore high held positions such as having political power, or up to now something as common as marrying and having a family creates too much stress because your life becomes strained with anxiety over the actions of others which are completely out of your control.Epicurus believes that the outside world creates too much pressure that can make it to anxiety because most of the things dealing with the outside world are outside of your control. A life of simplicity and freedom from anxie ty and pain are a way of life for a wise man. When one gains complete control over these things, as well as overcoming the fears of the outside world, then one can live a happy and pleasurable life because there is no desire for things which one cannot find him/herself.A free life according to Epicurus also means not having too many possessions because owning too many materialistic things results in robberies which only lead to more consequences and trouble all of which can be avoided. However, what a wise man should do when he is in the possession of many things is donating it and distributing them to those that are less fortunate and those in need. Epicurus says that gaining gratitude from your neighbors is more important than indulging in unnecessary things.This thus proves that an Epicurean life isnt egoistic as most critics seem to think but rather a way of life in which an individual can live freely without worry. Although the main idea of Epicurus philosophy is pleasure as th e main goal, the word pleasure has a different meaning than the one we are used to. The word pleasure in epicurean terms means the absence of pain which is why a good amount of Epicurean philosophy discusses ways in which one can avoid pain and eliminate worries, anxieties and fears.Pleasure according to Epicurus has nothing to do with being in the possession of luxurious items because that is not what brings pleasure to the individual but rather a peaceful mental state or being It is better for you to be free of fear lying upon a pallet, than to have a golden couch and rich table and be full of trouble . Although Epicurus does not believe in a wise man having a family and advises that one should avoid conforming to society and the pressures of the outside world, he emphasizes the value of a strong friendship and believes it to be the second most important thing in a noble man after wisdom .Even more surprising than this is the fact that Epicurus welcomed women into his school and considered them as potential friends despite the time period and social standards of Ancient Greece at the time. Epicurus welcomed all kinds of people into his school and didnt look at gender, wealth, age, or social class to determine a persons worth of attending. Aside from not picking student and friends ground on external factors, Epicurus believed that all friendships arise from self-interest Every friendship in itself is to be desired but the first cause of friendship was a mans needs . However, friendships cant always be seen as a family between two people thats driven solely on ones own self-interests and benefits, they should be much more and beyond that. Throughout time, Epicurus believes that a friendship that once started only as an act of self-satisfaction to benefit the self can become much more intimate and grow beyond the desire to be friends just to gain needs driven by sole self-interest.He also advised that friendships shouldnt be pushed to their extremes when on the pursuit of benefits and should not be pushed to the extreme if its completely void of all benefits because then, the individual would have no desire to keep the friendship alive at all. Once two friends can catch up with that stage of self-interest and gain intimacy then all expectations of each other and what is needed for the benefit of the self is gone.The mere fact of just knowing and having a friend and his/her company should bring enough pleasure to the individual to not care about other things that would only benefit the self. Epicurus did not believe that sexual love was of any benefit to an individual and although it can be associated with bringing pleasure, it causes much more disturbances in the mind that far outweigh the pleasures it may bring No pleasure is a bad thing in itself, but the means which produce some pleasures bring with them disturbances many times great than the pleasures. Epicurus believes that fulfilling sexual desires are unnecessary for the surv ival of an individual and can be dealt without, considering how much mental disturbance it may bring afterwards. Epicurus categorizes this pleasure as the natural and unnecessary which means that although the desire for attaining sexual pleasure may be completely natural for the individual, it isnt necessary for survival, therefore it is not an absolute necessity. This thus makes the act of fulfilling sexual pleasure to be vain and selfish, as well as bringing disturbance to the mind.The reason Epicurus advises the wise man not to engage in sexual encounters is because the pleasure that comes from sex can be too intense for the individual to handle. When something so intense yet so pleasurable becomes a much needed desire, it is sure to bring disturbance to the mind. Another way sexual desire can be seen as creating disturbances in the mind is considering how before sexual pleasures can be fulfilled, one must pursue the person of the opposite sex and develop an intimate level of fri endship or relationship.With that relationship comes fear and anxiety over losing your partner and concerns of what the future might bring. After a relationship has been developed, child bearing is the next step which creates even more disturbances to the mind, because with children come more external and outside powers that are out of your control which result in fears, frustrations, hopes anxieties and pain all of which can be avoided if one does not become involved in an intimate sexual relationship. How does one avoid mental disturbances to achieve peace in the mind?Epicurus believes that pleasure can still be attained without fulfilling sexual desires by simply forming strong friendships and developing a level of intimacy that would allow the friendship to survive solely on that level of intimacy and not self-interested benefits and needs. Once a deep enough level of intimacy has been developed, things such as trust, loyalty, and pleasure will surely practise afterwards. Where as a relationship driven by sexual pleasures will result in jealousy, hate, possessiveness, anger, and bittersweet memories that could last a lifetime.Therefore, to avoid having to go through these struggles in life and living a life of simplicity and freedom, Epicurus advises one to seek friendships that doesnt require too much of ones time, energy, and physical or mental strength. Living the life of an Epicurean means living a life of simplicity, avoiding anything that is too dangerous for ones well being even if it is the norm in society such as getting married, and being on a life long pursuit for pleasure.As stated before, from a quick glance at Epicurus philosophy, one can conclude that his teachings were all self centered, however, upon further reading into his doctrines, as well as how other philosophers were able to interpret and justify some of his teachings, his true meaning of a virtuous and good life can be more clearly understood. His philosophies on how to be a wise m an and achieve the good life prove how non egoistic Epicureanism is. Although it does always focus on gaining pleasure for the self, it does so only to a certain extent in which one attains enough pleasure to eliminate the pain.Once that has been achieved, going on a pursuit for more pleasure is considered vain, and as I have discussed before, Epicurus categorizes this pleasure as the natural and unnecessary or unnatural and unnecessary. Therefore he advises one not to seek these kinds of pleasures because that can create more disturbances in the mind. His thorough explanation and solution on how to achieve a tranquil mind by giving insight on the Gods and what happens to the soul and body after death are also a huge part of his philosophy.Overall, Epicureanism was a very modern school of philosophy compared to the time period, and the place of where it had been originated. Epicurus way of not discriminating against minorities such as women or the lower class, and not religiously worshiping supernatural beings even though that had been the norm in society, is very much like the life he preaches one should live in which one doesnt conform to the standards of the masses but pursues a path of his own, where a peaceful mind and a body free of pain can be found.