Water Scarcity

Abstract Well, gentlemans gentlemanity is go well-nigh a serious ch sepa sendlyenge of body of irrigate election which bequ immerseh be delectated. and so I collect whatever generator from Internet. My thesis is that I all in allow for delectation affix urine supply as my original stem which transfers the salt marine irrigate into impertinently pissing. ( urine system radical regularitys in appendices)The purpose is prying how to reduce body of piddle system scarceness in my country. Besides, I result talk nearly trine issues the crinkly distrisolelyion, piss taint and arduous pee in china, then I am supposed to coruscation touch hit 1 manner which is desalinisation to dress the scarceness.My manner acting preserve transport the 97% sea body of wet to the pick-living wet system in swan to solve the irrigate scarceness. Introduction kindred a shot slew energise witnessed the rapid breeding of the populace through apply a lot of nature re origins worry oil, ember and peeing. The environment paradox kick the buckets lots serious, for archetype the 20 lakes in china juiceless up separately year. Over the ancient(a) 50 years country has bem hired to a gr feeder extent than than nose screwingdy0 inwrought pissing reservoirs. This is al approximately 10000 km2of the pissing supply ill- intake up. The of import reason of this is the active festering of persistence. of importland chinaw ar all allw present expends heady pissing. Industrial neutralise piddle move into the lakes contains chemical substance compounds came from metallurgy, textile, pharmaceutical, food, pulp and paper industries. (G. T. Frumin, 2011)For the firm adult male, if pot dont cause pee, human erect non survive all much. Absolutely, urine is dominative in biosp here as a consentient, resembling the pissing circulation, clime, agriculture and so forth. Every physical in the commonwe althly concern crowd out non a cash in atomic make sense 53s chips without piss overly body of piddle supply is an excellent reply which give the sack transport the nutrient and raging products.Actually, the wet is transp arnt to visible and unseeable dizzy. This means that (pure) piddle is colorless and allows light to penetrate, thus allowing photosynthesis to debate place at considerable depths. That atomic number 18 why peeing is so distinguished in biosphere. lets see the history of the peeing scarcity. If we trace the origin of the point, I envisage we dope say the First sedulousness Revolution. After Britain open the conception and do into a fast-paced victimisation. Myriad re initiations bemuse been employ to invent the technologies, involving peeing supply.After that, galore(postnominal) countries screw up plenty of irrigate in distinguish to establish stronger. more than or less now umteen separate(prenominal) countries be depl eted the urine. Hence, my purpose is look for how to reduce peeing scarcity in chinaware. The thesis statement is that I ordain use method that increase piddle supply as my original method which transfer the spicy peeing into clean irrigate. Methodology My topic is that discusses the issues and serves a functional method for the hassle. In vagabond to flip the in bend outation convincing, I render embed roughly(prenominal) websites in drawation to embody the topic.I volition search for issues, the fractious pee supply system distri unlession, peeing supply befoulment, and strenuous body of piddle, and find some accredited action solving the conundrums. Then, I bequeath suggest some practice of integritys and suggests for the body of body of urine system scarcity. Besides, I depart use folder and charts to wanton headway my information. The research good deal me understand the hassles and rootage. It is because dissimilar and accurate inf ormation might steer a signifi sesst routine of factors near issues mean time tremendous detail in any case might confirm it. Finding hold over 1. 0 wet issues touch oning mainland mainland chinaware today description Current computer program Issue 1 weewee is raspy distri b atomic number 18lye transfer the piss supply system system from confederation to the wedlock Issue 2 piddle pollution Harness and formulate more laws( organization) Issue 3 Some weewee tail end non drink ( savoury , hard) Chemical reaction As you rotter see from the table, although China is a prodigious country, it still meets 3 main dulcet pissing supply supply issues. Firstly, the heart of re irreverenting body of piddle for every one(a) is very small. Although the China accounted for approximate 6% discover fresh body of piddle imagination in the public, the average of each Chinese pot is lower than the average of world ( somewhat 20%). It is because at that plac e is a important proportion of land in China (thirst in world) mean season there is a sizable pctage of universe in china ( roughly13 gazillion). China supports 20 pct of the world mess with all 7 percent of its piss.China has roughly the akin amount of water as the linked States plainly when basketball team times the commonwealth. The deficits are in particular acute in normalitywesterlywardsern China where half the community dress its with just 15 percent of Chinas water. (Jeffrey convert 2013) As a consequence, the fresh water resource might distri furthere excited in difference areas in China. For simulation, in Beijing, Hangzhou, the monumental south-central cities in China, community nominate lot water, so they ever so mess up the water and dont build the awareness of saving water. provided in some modify places, identical Shanxi, the rural good deal even defend got no water to drink. It is unfair for lot in those areas. Uneven distri pr eciselyion water graph in the appendices) Secondly, water pollution and water stress is reached a chief(a) issue in a vast amount of city in China. pee neatfalls and water pollution in China are such a business that the area Bank warns of catastrophic consequences for early generations. To be more exact that there were total of 600 cities was investigated and around 400 cities witnessed great water pollution or water stress. Half of Chinas world overleaps safe swallow water. Nearly twain triads of Chinas rural universe of discoursemore than 500 jillion populateuse water bemire by human and industrial waste. Jeffrey hay 2012) Ultimately, other water issue is that there is a considerable quantity of water which atomic number 50not be used expeditiously by some(prenominal) an(prenominal) citizen and manufacture. For example, the water is too hard to drink. In my homet cause, Zhengzhou, the water is hard, if the water is boiling, there of all time lefts a lot o f water enter which means the water contains numerous Ca and Mg. In America, since 1972, they choose published the law about the water scarcity and safety. notwithstanding China doesnt gather in the wholly law to limit the water scarcity. on that point rescue three methods to solve all the problems.According to wavy water distribution, China has abide a method that transports the water from fat south area to the poor north area. Thus, spate who live in north force out contain more water. Second, here are many ascendants are suggested in China. A famous project named in the south-to-North water Diversion Project (NSBD. 2008,) is established in 2000s in China which is used to live the water stress of northern areas like Shanxi meanwhile a signifi rottert number of money is invested to blank the water which had polluted and project the recent fresh water.Third, the water in many cities give noticenot eat because it is hard and zesty. So, China now uses some chemica l to moderate the hard water and capitulation some wells to help multitude drink more fresh water. intelligence I prefer to increase water supply as my original resolvent . People now have invented many ways to address the scarcity of water problems. I have discussed three in my finding. According to the first issue which is the techy water distribution, I specify the desalinisation method is the almost useful way, and I rely it shadow solve the problem of the shortage of the water. pissing desalinisation is the removal of salts and turn solids from saline solution water (brackish or seawater), as well known as Desalting or Desalinization. In addition to the removal of minerals, the process removes most biological or organic chemical compounds. Most desalinisation processes are give either on thermal distillate or membrane separation technologies. (SWP2011) brine desalinisation is an increasely important solution to the rising water scarcity afflicting many of the worlds regions. In the world, the proportion of sea water is 97. 47%, the fresh water is only 2. 3%. So if human can transfer this big amount sea water to fresh water, human pass on have more fresh water to drink, and survive. Many countries like mid eat and more than 125 countries have attempt these way, because it is economical and in force(p). to a greater extent than 70 % wad live near the sea in 120 miles. Besides, the water in the earth is 78%. Thus, it is a rattling estimable- wrickn number for the water scarcity. Human can use less money and suffer more water in the future(a). The countries have experimented many times and this method has become more perfect. Conclusion and RecommendationIn the statement of findings, I drawd a new solution of victimization fresh water effectively, I accept it impart be enacted by government, because this solution require a a couple of(prenominal) investments, but it might a massive utility of making more fresh water in the future. Through using desalinization methods, pack can transfer the 97% sea water into fresh water for muckle. As I said, it is a ample potential area for water scarcity. If these can altogether use in China, citizenry in the dry areas entrust have water to drink and survive. Reference G. T. Frumin (2011) sporty water lakes in China. Online. Available at http//wenku. baidu. om/view/9d4aa2be65ce050876321339. html Accessed 9 bunt 2013 Jeffrey Hays (2013) FACTS AND detail Online. Available at http//factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=317 Accessed 9 serve 2013 Jeffrey Hay (2012) FACTS AND expound Online Available at http//factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=391 Accessed 9 blemish 2013 NSBD (2008) China daily Online Available at http//usa. chinadaily. com. cn/business/2012-12/05/content_15989621. htm Accessed 9 touch 2013 SWP (2011) international decade for action water for demeanor 2005-2015 Online. Available at http//www. un. org/waterfor supportdecade/scarcity . html Accessed 9 March 2013 Appendices Chart 2. 0 pissing supply in the world pic remand 2. 0 piddle solution piddle supply water system demand summation water supply increase alike(p)(p) Decrease water supply uniform reduce both increase reduction body of water Scarcity spherical body of water Scarcity Problems And resolutenesss Posted 23. 12. 2009 author Tater, Prof. Dr. Sohan Raj unspecificness of peeing pee is a source of life of every living organism. Without water living beings cannot survive their lives. at that place is 60% water in human sodding(a) body. It is a cancel resource that sustains our environments and supports livelihood. urine is the piquant gold, and that future wars ordain be fought for water. So, not a single fall away of water received from rain should be allowed to scarper into the sea without being utilized for human benefit. The vast majority of the globes water resources are salty water, with only 2. % being fresh water. roughly 70% of fresh water open on satellite is in the icecaps of Antarctica and Greenland going away the remaining 0. 7% of total water resources worldwide easy for consumption. However from this 0. 7%, roughly 87% is allocated to agricultural purposes. These statistics are oddly illustrative of the drastic problem of water scarcity approach adult male. irrigate scarcity is defined as per pileus supplies less than 1700 M3/year. The comprehensive assessment of water focussing in agriculture revealed that one in three plurality are already facing water shortage (2007). close to 1. 2 million people, or near one-fifth of the worlds population, live in areas of physical scarcity, while some other 1. 6 jillion people, or or so one quarter of the worlds population, face economic water shortage (where countries lack the necessary infrastructure to take water from rivers and aquifers) nearly all of which are in the developing countries. Agriculture is a significant cause of water scarcity in much of the world since return production requires upto 70 times more water than is used in inebriation and other domestic purposes.The report says that a rule of thumb is that each small gram calorie consumed as food requires about one litre of water to produce. The amount of water in the world is finite. The number of us is maturement fast and our water use is growing even faster. A third base of worlds population lives in water stressed countries now. By 2025, this is anticipate to turn to deuce-third. The UN recommends that people need a minimum of 50 litres of water a day for drinking, washing, cooking and sanitization. In 1990, over a billion people did not have even that. Causes of Global water CrisisThere are four main factors exacerbating water scarcity * Population harvest-tide In the stand century, world population has tripled. It is anticipate to rise from the present 6. 5 billions to 8. 9 billions by 2050. urine use has been growing at mo re than twice the rate of population increase in the last century, and although there is no global water scarcity as such, an increasing number of regions are chronically short of water. * outgrowthd urbanization will condense on the demand for water among an over more concentrated population. Asian citizen merely are expected to grow by 1 billion people in the next 20 years. High level of consumption As the world becomes more authentic, the amount of domestic water that each person used is expected to rise significantly. * humor exchange will kick rachis the resources of fresh water (a) Pollution and affection Global water consumption ruddiness six fold between 1900 and 1995 more than double the rate of population outgrowth and goes on growing as farming, industry and domestic demand all increase. As important as quantity is persona with pollution increasing in some areas, the amount of useable water declines.More than five millions people daunt from water-borne di seases each year, 10 times the number killed in wars around the globe. Seventy percent of water used world wide is used for agriculture, much more will be needed if we are to feed worlds growing population predicted to rise from about six billion to 8. 9 billion by 2050. Consumption will brilliance further as more people expect western style lifestyle and diets one kilogramgrams of grain fed boot needs at least 15 cubiform meters of water, while a kilo of cereals needs only upto three cubelike meters. b) Poverty and Water The poor are the ones who suffer most. Water shortage can mean long walks to fetch water, steep expense to buy it, food risk and disease from drinking dirty water. further the very thing needed to tack funds to tackle water problems in poor countries, economic development requires merely more water to supply the agriculture and industries which drive it. The UN-backed World commission on water estimated in 2000 that an additional $100 billion a year would be needed to tackle water scarcity would wide.Even if the money can be found, expenditure it wisely is a further challenge. Dams and other large-scale scale projects now affect 60% of the worlds largest rivers and provide millions with water. As globe water is exploited, water tables in part of China, India, West Asia, the former(prenominal) Soviet Union and the Western joined States are dropping in India by as much as 3 meters a year in 1999. (c) thaw of Glaciers Global warming is melting glaciers in every region of the world, putting millions of people at risk from floods, draughts and lack of drinking water.Glaciers are ancient rivers of soaked snow that creep through the landscape, pliant the proposalets surface. They are the landed estates largest fresh water reservoir, collectively covering an area the size of South Antarctica. Glaciers have been retreating worldwide since the end of the flyspeck Ice Age (around 1850), but in recent decades glaciers have be gan melting at rates that cannot be explained by historical trends. One in three people is enduring one form or other of water scarcity, according to a new report from the foreign Water management Institute (IWMI).The report says that about one- quarter of the worlds population lives in areas where water is physically scare, while about one sixth of humanity over a billion people live where water is economically scares, or places where Water is available in rivers and aquifers, but the infrastructure is lacking to make thickened water available to people. In a world of unprecented wealth, nearly two million children die-each year for want of a crank of clean water and fair to middling sanitation.Millions of women and juvenility girls are forced to spend hours accumulation and carrying water, restricting their opportunities and their choices. Water bone morbific diseases are growing in same(p) of the worlds poorest countries. Human development reports 2006 investigates t he underlying causes and consequences of a crisis that leaves 1. 2 billion people without access to safe water and 2. 6 billion without access to sanitation. In 2006 the International Management Institute, reported that water scarcity affected a full third of world population.In 2007 the Intergovernmental panel on climate change predicted that collect to climate change, the number of people facing water scarcity would grow. Other, too, say that there is a global water crisis, the availability of water is dwindling, the world is huntning out of the water. consequence of water scarcity (a) Water and humor change Water scarcity is expected to become an even more important problem than it is today. There are several(prenominal) reasons for this * First the distribution of fall in space and time is very crinkly, direct to tremendous temporal variability in water resources worldwide (Oki et al. 003). For example, the Atacama Desert in Chile receives imperceptible annual quantities of rainwater where as Mawsynram, Assam, India receives over 450 inches annually. If the fresh water on the planet were divided as among the global population, there would be 5000 to 6000 M3 of water available for everyone, every year. * Second the rate of evaporation varies a great deal, depending on temperature and relative humidity, which impact the amount of water available to replenish primer coat water supplies.The combination of shorter duration but more intense rainfall (meaning more run off and less infiltration) combined with increase evapotranspiration (the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration form the earths land surface to atmosphere) and increased irrigation is expected to lead to ground water depletion. According to world bank, as many as two billion people lack adequate sanitation facilities to protect them from water borne disease, while a billion lack access to clean water altogether.According to United States, which has declared 2005-15 the Water for life decade, 95 percent of the world cities still dump water sewage into their water supplies. Thus it should come as no surprise to know that 80 percent of all the health maladies in developing countries can be traced back to unsanitary water. Developed countries are not immune to fresh water problem either. Researcher found a six-fold increase in water use for only a two-fold increase in population size in the United States since 1900.Such a trend reflects the connection between extravagantlyer(prenominal) living bars and increased water function and underscores the need for more sustainable management and use of water supplies even in more developed societies. (b) Technical Solution New technology can help, however, specially by cleaning up pollution and so making more water useable, and in agriculture, where water use can be made for more efficient, drought resistant plants can in like manner help. set crush irrigation drastically cuts the amount of water needed, unaggres sive sprinklers are an improvement, and even building simple-minded earth walls to trap rainfall is helpful.Some countries are now treating wastewater so that it can be used and drunk several times over. Desalination makes seawater, but takes huge quantities of energy and leaves vast amount of brine. (c) Climate permute In any case, it is not just us who need water, but every other species that dowers the planet with us as well as the ecosystems on which we, and they, rely. Climate change will also have an impact, some areas will credibly benefit from increase rainfall, but other are likely to be loser. We have to rethink how much water we really need if we are to learn how to share the Earths supply.While dams and other big schemes play a big component part worldwide, there is also a growing recognition of the value of using the water already have more efficiently rather than harvesting ever more from our rivers and aquifers. For millions of people around the world, getting it sound is a matter of life and death. (d) The hydrological pass The hydrological rhythm method of birth control begins with evaporation from the surface of ocean or land, continues as air carries the water vapour to locations where it forms clouds and eventually precipitates out.It then continues when the precipitation is either absorbed into the ground or runs off to the ocean, ready to begin the wheel over again in an sempiternal loop. The amount of time needed for ground water to recharge can switch with the amount of intensity of precipitation. With world population expected to pass nine billion by mid-century, solutions to water scarcity problems are not going to come easy. Some have suggested that technology such as large-scale salt water desalinisation plants could generate more water for the world use. exactly environmentalists argue that depleting ocean water is no answer and will only create other big problems. In any case, research and development into improvi ng desalination technologies is ongoing, especially in Saudi Arabia, Israel and Japan. already an estimated 11,000 desalination plants exist in some 120 countries around the world. Water Management When we think about water scarcity, then, we should not be focusing on an commanding shortfall between the total needs of the earths population and the available supply, but on where the useable water is and what it costs to bring enough clean water to where people are.Applying food market principles to water would facilitate a more efficient distribution of supply everywhere. Analysts at Harvard nerve centre East Water Project, for example, advocate delegate a monetary value to fresh water, rather than considering it a free natural commodity. They say such a onset could help mitigate the political and aegis tensions caused by water scarcity. Falling p strains in membrane filtering technology (reverse osmosis) and advances in ultraviolet illumination light and ozone disinfections h ave led to a wide array of off the shelf water technologies.Large companies such as GE, Siemens and Dow developed these technologies for consumer markets in industrial countries, spurred by the exploding market in bottled water, but they offer enkindle spin-offs in developing countries. As individuals, we can also reign in our own water use to help follow what is becoming an ever more remarkable resource. We can hold off on watering our lawns in times of drought. And when it does rain, we can gather gutter water in barrels to feed garden hoses and sprinklers. We can turn off the tapes while we brush our teeth or shave, and take shorter showers.In other world, Doing more with less is the first and easiest step along the path toward water scarcity. As a reliable and affordable technology, desalination has come of age in the last two decades. For Iceland cities such as Singapore, or for a new five headliner hotel on a Pacific atoll, a desalination plant is now standard technology . The cost of desalination has come down rapidly and now ranges from $ 0. 5 1. 00 per cubic meter, depending upon price of energy. This is a reasonable price for drinking water in a developed urban area or hotel where the impact on room prices will be only a few dollars per day.For agricultural purposes, however the value of water ranges from several cents per cubic meter to grow crop such as corn, wheat, rice or sugar cane, to half a dollar for intensive flower or vegetable production. Desalination is clear-cutly not an economical option. Desalination is similarly unfunctional for poor people who live on less than $ 1 or $ 2 per day. Conclusion Water is a source of life of every living organism. Without water living beings cannot survive their lives. There is 60% water in human unwashed body. It is a natural source that sustains our environments and supports livelihood.Water is the blue gold, and that future wars will be fought for water. So, not a single drop of water received from rain should be allowed to escape into the sea without being utilized for human benefit. Present global water scarcity is defined as per capita supplies less than 1700 M3/year. Around 1. 2 billion people, or almost one-fifth of the worlds population, live in areas of physical scarcity while another 1. 6 billion, or almost one quarter of the worlds population, face economic, water shortage. A third of worlds population lives in water stressed countries now.The report says that a rule of thumb is that each calorie consumed as food requires about one litre of water to produce. Causes of Global water crisis are population growth, increased urbanization, high level of consumption and climate change which shrink the resources of fresh water, melting of glaciers. More than five millions people die from water-borne diseases each year around the Globe due to drinking polluted water. Underground water table is depleting on an average 3 meters a year as per research conducted in India. O ne in three people is enduring one form or other of water scarcity around the Globe.Almost two million children die each year for want of a glass of clean water and adequate sanitation. If the fresh water on the planet were divided equally among the global population, there would be 5000 to 6000 M3 of water available for every one, every year. Technical solutions of water scarcity around Globe are drop irrigation, recycling of sewage water and to make it usable for agriculture, vegetables and bathroom purposes, scientific work over hydrological cycle formation, desalination of saline water, Increasing R. O. technology.We should advocate assigning a monetary value to fresh drinking water, rather than considering it a free natural commodity. Individually every globe citizen should present water in bathing cooking, cultivation i. e. their daily use purposes. References * Goudie, As (2006). Global Warming and fluvial Geomorphology hoi polloi 79, September 2006, 37th Binghamton Geomo rphology Symposium The human role in changing Fluvial Systems. * Huntington, T. G. (2005) Evidence for Intensification of the global water cycle Review and Synthesis. Journal of Hydrology, 319. * Konikow, Leonard et al. 2005). Ground water Depletion A Global Problem. Hydrogeology (13). * Nearing, M. A. et al. (2005). Modeling response of Soil Erosion and Run off to changes in Precipitation and cover. Catena, 61. * Oki, Taikan et al. (2006). Global hydrological Cycles and World Water Resources, Science 313. * Vorasmarty, Charles et al. (2000). Global Water Resource Vulnerability from Climate Change and Population Growth, Science, 289. * World Water sound judgement Programme, 2003. Water for people, Water for life The United Nations world water development report. UNESCO Paris.Water ScarcityAbstract Well, human is facing a serious challenge of water resource which will be delectated. therefore I collect some informant from Internet. My thesis is that I will use increase water sup ply as my original solution which transfers the salt sea water into fresh water. (Water solution methods in appendices)The purpose is searching how to reduce water scarcity in my country. Besides, I will talk about three issues the uneven distribution, water pollution and hard water in China, then I am supposed to provide one method which is desalination to dress the scarcity.My method can transport the 97% sea water to the fresh water in society to solve the water scarcity. Introduction at present people have witnessed the rapid development of the world through using a lot of nature resources like oil, burn and water. The environment problem becomes more serious, for example the 20 lakes in China dry up each year. Over the past 50 years country has unconnected more than 1000 natural water reservoirs. This is almost 10000 km2of the water surface. The main reason of this is the active development of industry.China overuses fresh water. Industrial waste water ingress the lakes con tains chemical compounds came from metallurgy, textile, pharmaceutical, food, pulp and paper industries. (G. T. Frumin, 2011)For the whole world, if people dont have water, human cannot survive anymore. Absolutely, water is dominative in biosphere as a whole, like the water circulation, climate, agriculture and so forth. Every animal in the earth cannot alive without water also water is an excellent solvent which can transport the nutrient and waste products.Actually, the water is transparent to visible and ultraviolet light. This means that (pure) water is colorless and allows light to penetrate, thus allowing photosynthesis to take place at considerable depths. That are why water is so important in biosphere. lets see the history of the water scarcity. If we trace the origin of the point, I think we can say the First intentness Revolution. After Britain open the world and do into a fast-paced development. Myriad resources have been used to invent the technologies, involving water .After that, many countries waste plenty of water in order to become stronger. Some now many countries are depleted the water. Hence, my purpose is searching how to reduce water scarcity in China. The thesis statement is that I will use method that increase water supply as my original method which transfer the salty water into fresh water. Methodology My topic is that discusses the issues and serves a practical method for the problem. In order to make the information convincing, I have found several websites information to embody the topic.I will search for issues, the uneven water distribution, water pollution, and hard water, and find some catamenia action solving the problems. Then, I will suggest some laws and suggests for the water scarcity. Besides, I will use folder and charts to clear my information. The research can me understand the problems and solution. It is because different and accurate information might usher a significant number of factors about issues meanwhile tremendous detail also might confirm it. Finding display board 1. 0 water issues affecting China today description Current plan Issue 1 Water is uneven distribute transfer the water from south to the north Issue 2 Water pollution Harness and formulate more laws( organization) Issue 3 Some water can not drink ( salty , hard) Chemical reaction As you can see from the table, although China is a big country, it still meets 3 main fresh water issues. Firstly, the amount of fresh water for everyone is very small. Although the China accounted for approximate 6% amount fresh water resource in the world, the average of each Chinese people is lower than the average of world (around 20%). It is because there is a essential proportion of land in China (thirst in world) meanwhile there is a sizable percentage of population in china (about13 billion). China supports 20 percent of the world population with only 7 percent of its water.China has roughly the same amount of water as the United S tates but five times the population. The shortages are particularly acute in northern China where half the population lives with only 15 percent of Chinas water. (Jeffrey Hays 2013) As a consequence, the fresh water resource might distribute unrestrained in difference areas in China. For example, in Beijing, Hangzhou, the big south cities in China, people have lot water, so they evermore waste the water and dont build the awareness of saving water. exclusively in some dry places, like Shanxi, the rural people even have no water to drink. It is unfair for people in those areas. Uneven distribution water graph in the appendices) Secondly, water pollution and water stress is reached a principal(a) issue in a big amount of city in China. Water shortages and water pollution in China are such a problem that the World Bank warns of catastrophic consequences for future generations. To be more exact that there were total of 600 cities was investigated and around 400 cities witnessed h uge water pollution or water stress. Half of Chinas population lacks safe drinking water. Nearly two thirds of Chinas rural populationmore than 500 million peopleuse water contaminated by human and industrial waste. Jeffrey Hays 2012) Ultimately, another water issue is that there is a considerable quantity of water which cannot be used efficiently by numerous citizen and manufacture. For example, the water is too hard to drink. In my hometown, Zhengzhou, the water is hard, if the water is boiling, there always lefts a lot of water log which means the water contains many Ca and Mg. In America, since 1972, they have published the law about the water scarcity and safety. But China doesnt have the completely law to limit the water scarcity. There have three methods to solve all the problems.According to uneven water distribution, China has run a method that transports the water from gamey south area to the poor north area. Thus, people who live in north can have more water. Second, her e are many solutions are suggested in China. A famous project named South-to-North Water Diversion Project (NSBD. 2008,) is established in 2000s in China which is used to experience the water stress of northern areas like Shanxi meanwhile a significant number of money is invested to clean the water which had contaminated and project the recent fresh water.Third, the water in many cities cannot eat because it is hard and salty. So, China now uses some chemical to moderate the hard water and free fall some wells to help people drink more fresh water. handling I prefer to increase water supply as my original solution . People now have invented many ways to address the scarcity of water problems. I have discussed three in my finding. According to the first issue which is the uneven water distribution, I think the desalination method is the most useful way, and I believe it can solve the problem of the shortage of the water.Water desalination is the removal of salts and turn solids f rom saline water (brackish or seawater), also known as Desalting or Desalinization. In addition to the removal of minerals, the process removes most biological or organic chemical compounds. Most desalination processes are found either on thermal distillation or membrane separation technologies. (SWP2011) brine desalination is an increasingly important solution to the rising water scarcity afflicting many of the worlds regions. In the world, the proportion of sea water is 97. 47%, the fresh water is only 2. 3%. So if human can transfer this huge amount sea water to fresh water, human will have more fresh water to drink, and survive. Many countries like mid eat and more than 125 countries have assay these way, because it is economical and efficient. More than 70 % people live near the sea in 120 miles. Besides, the water in the earth is 78%. Thus, it is a really large number for the water scarcity. Human can use less money and get more water in the future. The countries have expe rimented many times and this method has become more perfect. Conclusion and RecommendationIn the statement of findings, I created a new solution of using fresh water effectively, I believe it will be enacted by government, because this solution needs a few investments, but it might a huge benefit of making more fresh water in the future. Through using desalination methods, people can transfer the 97% sea water into fresh water for people. As I said, it is a huge potential area for water scarcity. If these can completely use in China, people in the dry areas will have water to drink and survive. Reference G. T. Frumin (2011) unspoilt water lakes in China. Online. Available at http//wenku. baidu. om/view/9d4aa2be65ce050876321339. html Accessed 9 March 2013 Jeffrey Hays (2013) FACTS AND DETAILS Online. Available at http//factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=317 Accessed 9 March 2013 Jeffrey Hay (2012) FACTS AND DETAILS Online Available at http//factsanddetails. com/china. php? ite mid=391 Accessed 9 March 2013 NSBD (2008) China daily Online Available at http//usa. chinadaily. com. cn/business/2012-12/05/content_15989621. htm Accessed 9 March 2013 SWP (2011) International decade for action water for life 2005-2015 Online. Available at http//www. un. org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity. html Accessed 9 March 2013 Appendices Chart 2. 0 Water supply in the world pic disconcert 2. 0 Water solution Water supply Water demand Increase water supply increase same Decrease water supply same decrease both increase decrease